Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
Gabatarwa ga Build Security a cikin SDLC
Tsarin Rayuwar Haɓaka Manhajoji Mai Tsaro (SDLC) ya nuna misali na tsarin cikakken tsari, wanda ya haɗa da ayyukan tsaro da ƙa'idodi a duk matakai na ƙirƙirar software da tura su. Daga cikin waɗannan, matakin ginawa yana da matuƙar muhimmanci. A nan ne ake canza lambar tushe zuwa lambar binary, wanda ke saita matakin aiwatarwa. Wannan matakin yana da matuƙar muhimmanci don saka tsaro a cikin software, wanda ya haɗa da bincika lambar don raunin da ya faru, aiwatar da manufofin tsaro, da kuma tabbatar da cewa la'akari da tsaro sun zama tushen, maimakon tunani na baya-bayan nan.
Muhimmancin Build Security a cikin Haɓaka Software
Build security yana da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar software mai tsaro, yana aiki a matsayin kariya mai ƙarfi daga raunin da zai iya faruwa, da kuma tabbatar da bin ƙa'idodi standards. Wannan matakin ci gaba yana haifar da babban haɗari ga amincin lambar da sirrinta. Lalacewar software na iya yaɗuwa a ko'ina, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama dole a kiyaye wannan matakin don kare masu amfani da ƙarshen kuma a kiyaye aminci da bin ƙa'idodi. Bugu da ƙari, matakin ginawa yana da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen rage haɗarin da ke tattare da sarkar samar da software, inda raunin da ke cikin kowane ɓangare na iya haifar da mummunan tasiri. Yana jaddadawa build security yana shimfida harsashin kirkire-kirkire na gaba, yana bawa kungiyoyi damar bunkasa ayyukansu na ci gaba cikin aminci.
Haskaka Sakamakon Gaske a Duniya
Muhimmancin ƙarfi build security An bayyana matakan dalla-dalla ta hanyar abubuwan da suka faru kamar keta yarjejeniyar SolarWinds Orion, yarjejeniyar Codecov Bash Uploader, lamarin Event-Stream, keta yarjejeniyar bayanai ta Equifax, da kuma musamman, harin Ledger. Waɗannan misalan suna zama tunatarwa mai ƙarfi game da tasirin sa ido kan tsaro a lokacin ginin, tun daga sauƙaƙe hare-haren sarkar samar da kayayyaki zuwa fallasa bayanai masu mahimmanci a babban sikelin.
Harin Ledger
Harin Ledger ya nuna wani mummunan amfani da raunin sarkar samar da software, wanda ke nuna wani muhimmin lamari a fagen tsaron yanar gizo. An fara shi ne ta hanyar wani harin phishing wanda ya kai hari kan asusun NPM na tsohon ma'aikacin Ledger, maharan sun sami damar buga nau'ikan kayan aikin haɗin software na Ledger marasa kyau. Wannan karya ya haifar da asarar akalla dala $600,000 daga walat ɗin kayan aikin masu amfani. Ba kamar hare-hare kai tsaye kan tsarin ginawa ba, wannan lamarin ya yi amfani da amincin da aka sanya a cikin dogaro da wasu kamfanoni na ɓangare na uku da sarkar samar da software, yana nuna barazanar da ke fuskantar haɓaka software na zamani. Karya ba wai kawai ya bayyana mahimmancin tabbatar da dogaro da software ba, har ma ya nuna buƙatar tsauraran matakan shiga, gudanar da takaddun shaida, da kuma sa ido kan abubuwan da ke cikin ɓangare na uku. Lamarin Ledger ya zama abin tunatarwa mai ƙarfi game da yuwuwar sakamakon watsi da tsaro a cikin sarkar samar da software da mahimmancin ɗaukar cikakkun matakan tsaro don karewa daga hare-hare kai tsaye da na kai tsaye.
Tashin hankalin Orion na SolarWinds
Daga cikin mafi girman da kuma zamani a cikin 'yan kwanakin nan, satar SolarWinds Orion ta yi ƙoƙarin amfani da raunin da ke tattare da tsarin gina manhajar SolarWinds. Masu kai hari sun dasa mummunan lambar ta hanyar tsarin ginawa a cikin tsarin sabunta manhajar kuma sun aika ta ga abokan ciniki 18,000, gami da manyan hukumomin gwamnati da kamfanoni. Ya nuna yadda irin waɗannan hare-haren ke iya zama masu haɗari da faɗaɗa a kan hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki.
Yarjejeniyar Rubutun Codecov Bash Uploader
Codecov aikace-aikace ne na gwada matakan kariya na lambar da aka karya. Masu kai hari sun sami damar canza rubutun Bash Uploader ɗinsa kuma sun sami nasarar fitar da bayanai daga dubban mahalli na abokan ciniki. Wannan keta haƙƙin yana jaddada yadda kayan aikin gini za su iya zama haɗari kuma yana tabbatar da cewa dole ne a tabbatar da amincin rubutun gini da kayan aikin.
Abin da ya Faru a Lokacin Taron
A cikin lamarin Event-Stream, an yi wa wani babban kamfani na NPM kutse. A cikin wannan kunshin, wani mai kula da asusun ajiyar kuɗi na asali ya miƙa ikon mallakar wani mai kai hari wanda ya yi kamar mai kula da asusun ajiyar kuɗi ne. Daga baya, mai kai harin ya saka wani abu mai nauyi a cikin kunshin wanda ke da wata manufa ta mugunta, yana kai hari ga wani takamaiman dandamali na cryptocurrency. Wannan shine cikakken misali na nazarin shari'a wanda ke nuna yanayin haɗarin rashin lafiyar dogaro da kai da kuma matakin tantancewa na gaske da kamfani ya kamata ya yi akan fakitin wasu kamfanoni da masu kula da asusun ajiyar kuɗi.
Keta Bayanan Equifax
Keta bayanan Equifax, kodayake ba wani rauni ba ne kawai a matakin ginawa, ya ƙara ta'azzara ta hanyar rashin sabunta ɗakin karatu na ɓangare na uku wanda ya kamata a sabunta shi kuma yana da rauni (a wannan yanayin, Apache Struts). Wannan ya shafi mutane miliyan 147. Keta bayanan Equifax, a kowace ma'ana, labari ne mai gargaɗi game da kula da dogaro da kai.
Barazana Masu Tasowa Zuwa Build Security: Hoton hoto
A cikin yanar gizo mai sarkakiya ta haɓaka software na zamani, matakin ginawa yana tsaye a matsayin muhimmin wuri inda aka canza lambar tushe zuwa software mai aiwatarwa. Wannan matakin ba wai kawai game da tattarawa bane amma kuma game da tabbatar da tsaro da amincin samfurin ƙarshe. Gane barazanar da ake fuskanta a wannan matakin yana da matuƙar muhimmanci don kiyaye ƙarfi. software supply chain securityDomin zurfafa zurfafa cikin waɗannan barazanar da kuma cikakkun dabarun rage tasirinsu, yi la'akari da bincika cikakkun bayanai game da Barazanar Sarkar Samar da Manhaja a Matakin Ginawa.
- Juyawa CI/CD Pipelines: Kewaye kariyar CI/CD hanyoyin suna bawa maharan damar shigar da lambar mugunta kai tsaye cikin ginin, ta hanyar kaucewa muhimman binciken tsaro.
- Gyaran Lambar Bayan Tushe: Canje-canje da aka yi wa lambar tushe bayan an cire ta commitTsarin sarrafa tushen bayanai na iya gabatar da canje-canje marasa izini, wanda ke lalata amincin software.
- Sabawa Tsarin Ginawa: Yin amfani da tsarin ginawa kai tsaye zai iya haifar da shigar da lambar mugunta, yin ɓarna ga asalin ginin ko kuma kawo cikas ga tsarin gaba ɗaya.
- Ma'ajiyar Kayan Tarihi Masu Tauye Hakki: Samun dama ko sarrafa ma'ajiyar kayan tarihi ba tare da izini ba na iya kawo cikas ga tsarin aiwatarwa da kuma shigar da software da aka lalata cikin sarkar samar da kayayyaki.
Guba Pipeline Kisa (PPE): Barazana Mai Zurfi
Guba Pipeline Rashin lafiyar aiwatarwa (PPE) yana bayyana ne lokacin da maharan suka yi amfani da tsarin ginawa, ko dai ta hanyar canza tsarin CI/CD pipeline daidaitawa kai tsaye (PPE kai tsaye, ko D-PPE) ko ta hanyar gyara fayiloli pipeline nassoshi (PPE kai tsaye, ko I-PPE). Irin waɗannan hare-haren na iya yin illa ga amincin software ɗin, wanda hakan ke sa hanyoyin ganowa da kariya da wuri su zama masu mahimmanci.
Fahimtar Bambancin PPE
- PPE kai tsaye (D-PPE) yana faruwa ne lokacin da maharan suka canza fayil ɗin saitin CI don gudanar da umarni masu cutarwa a cikin yanayin ginin, ta hanyar wucewa standard ka'idojin tsaro.
- PPE mara kai tsaye (I-PPE) yana faruwa ta hanyar gyare-gyare ga fayilolin waje pipeline yana saitawa, kamar rubutun, yana bawa maharan damar shigar da lambar mugunta a kaikaice.
Aiwatar da Tasiri Build Security Matakan
Domin magance waɗannan barazanar da raunin da ke tattare da su a matakin ginawa, ya kamata a yi amfani da tsarin da aka yi amfani da shi yadda ya kamata da kuma bin ƙa'idodi mafi kyau kamar yadda hukumomi kamar NIST suka bayyana. Duk abin da ke sama za a iya inganta shi ta hanyar aikace-aikacen da bin ƙa'idodi Tsarin Haɓaka Manhajoji Mai Tsaro na NIST (SSDF)), da sauran albarkatu, inganta yanayin jikinka ta hanyoyi masu zuwa.
Essential Build Security Mafi Ayyuka:
- Lambar Sirri: aiwatar da mafi kyawun hanyoyin tsaro na lambar lambobi a duk lokacin ci gaba. Gano yiwuwar raunin da zai iya faruwa ta amfani da kayan aikin nazarin lambar tsaye gwargwadon yadda za su iya zama da amfani.
- Binciken Tsarin Software (SCA): Haɗawa SCA kayan aiki tare da ku CI/CD pipeline don gano abubuwan dogaro na buɗaɗɗen tushe da ake amfani da su a cikin software tare da raunin da aka sani da kuma kiyaye halin yanzu Dokar Kayan Aiki ta Software (SBOM).
- Muhalli Mai Tsaron Ginawa: Yi amfani da mafi ƙarfi na sarrafawar shiga wanda zai iya iyakance wuraren shiga ba tare da izini ba zuwa sabar ginawa da ma'ajiyar ajiya.
- Kayan aikin sa ido na ci gaba a zahiri, zai nuna gano duk wani nau'in ayyukan da ake zargi da faruwa a cikin yanayin ginin. Za a tabbatar da wannan kuma a watsa shi lafiya a cikin gida. pipeline ta hanyar sanya hannu da sa hannun dijital. Dole ne a kafa hanyoyin tabbatarwa daban-daban don tabbatar da sahihancin kayan kafin a tura su.
Ikon Build Attestations
Kyakkyawan ayyuka kamar tsare sirrin lambar sirri da kuma ingantaccen tsarin gini suna da matuƙar muhimmanci, amma tare da Xygeni Build Security Mafita, suna yin hakan ne kawai. Maganinmu yana haɗuwa da tsarin aikinku don samar da cikakkiyar hanya build security wanda ya haɗa da ikon tabbatarwa.
Ka yi tunanin shaidar gini a matsayin takardar da aka sanya wa hannu wadda ke tabbatar da sahihancin ginin da kuma ingancinsa. Wannan shine ainihin abin da shaidar gini take nufi—tarin bayanan da aka sanya wa hannu ta hanyar ɓoye bayanai waɗanda ke nuna cikakkun bayanai game da tsarin ginin. Waɗannan nau'ikan kariya ne ga tsarin ginin kuma suna magance fa'idodi da yawa da ke fitowa daga waɗannan.
- Ingantacciyar Gaskiya: Tabbatar da Ginawa yana tabbatar da cewa akwai kwarin gwiwa daga samun bayyanannen ganuwa a cikin yanayin ginin, kayan aiki, tsare-tsare, da abubuwan da ake amfani da su wajen gina Ginin. Irin wannan yanayi mai haske zai haifar da aminci da kuma haɗin gwiwa.
- Tabbatarwa A Duk Fadin Duniyar Pipeline: Takardun shaida suna tabbatar da cewa a duk matakan da aka ɗauka a cikin shirin CI/CD pipeline, daga lambar tushe zuwa kayan tarihi na ƙarshe da aka gina, ana iya tabbatar da sahihancin sa. Yana tabbatar da cewa babu wani canji da ba a ba da izini ba da ya faru a cikin tsarin ginin.
- Ƙarfin Gidauniyar Kulawa da Dubawa: Cikakken bayanai a cikin shaidu suna gina harsashin ci gaba da nazarin tsaro yayin zagayowar ci gaban, wanda ke ba mutum damar gano duk wani rauni da ya kamata a rage shi.
Yaya Xygeni Build Security Amfani da Shaida
Wannan shi ne inda Build Security Magani yana ɗaukar manufar Build Attestations mataki ɗaya bayan an fara aiki da na'urar sarrafa kansa, kuma Xygeni ya ɗauki wani babban mataki tare da wata hanya mai faɗi.
- Samar da Shaida ta atomatik: Xygeni, inda dole ne a sarrafa samar da shaida ta atomatik, don ƙirƙirar shaidar da ba ta da wata ma'ana ba tare da buƙatar shiga tsakani da hannu ba, kuma ta hanyar da za ta samar da shaida mai daidaito a cikin duk ginin.
- Tarin Shaida da Ajiya Mai Inganci: Xygeni yana ba da tsaro ga hanyar da ake tattarawa da adana shaidu. Yana tattara shaidun da kulawa sosai daga kowane lungu da sako na tsarin ginin. Yana adana tarin a cikin tsarin ajiyar mu mai tsaro, yana tabbatar da cewa shaidar ta kasance mai inganci.
- Sarrafa Tabbatar da Girman Girma: Maganinmu yana sarrafa tabbatarwa, wanda ke bin tsari ɗaya tilo. Yana samar da tsare-tsare na manufofi masu daidaitawa; ana iya haɗawa ko cire duba a cikin tsarin, yana daidaita na ƙarshe zuwa ga buƙatun mutum.
- Gano Barazana a Lokacin Da Ya Kamata: Cikakken tsarin bayar da rahoto daga Xygeni ya wuce sanarwar wucewa/faɗuwa mai sauƙi. Tsarinmu yana ba da bayanai masu amfani a cikin tsarin gina ku don taimaka muku sanin da gyara yiwuwar raunin da zai iya faruwa kafin lokaci.
Amfanin Xygeni: Fa'idodin da Zaku Iya Dogara da Su
Ta leverage Xygeni Build Security, za ku sami fa'idodi da yawa:
- Ingantaccen Aminci da Bayyana Gaskiya: Shaidar gini tana tabbatar da cewa an gabatar wa dukkan masu ruwa da tsaki da cikakken hoton tsarin gini, kuma a cikin wannan tsari, aminci da haɗin gwiwa suna ƙaruwa.
- Rage Haɗarin Kurakurai da Rauni: Samar da shaida ta atomatik da tabbatarwa yana rage haɗarin kuskure da rauni ga ɗan adam, ta haka yana samar da tsaro akai-akai a duk faɗin ginin. pipeline.
- Ingantaccen Ingancin Manhaja: Samun ingantattun bayanan barazanar da zurfafa fahimta don tabbatar da cewa zaku iya isar da samfuran software masu inganci da aminci.
- Yarda da Sauƙaƙe: Daidaiton Xygeni da shawarwarin NIST SP 800-204D yana sauƙaƙa ƙoƙarin bin ƙa'idodi.
Shirya don ƙarin koyo? Tuntuɓi Xygeni a yau don ganin yadda muke Build Security mafita na iya ƙarfafa ƙungiyoyin ci gaba.
Kalli Bidiyon Nunin Mu
