Rootkit Yog Dab Tsi?
Ib tug rootkit tsis yog tsuas yog malware theem qis xwb. Hauv nws lub hauv paus, nws yog stealthy malware uas muab kev nkag mus tsis raug cai thaum zais nws tus kheej lub neej. Hauv cov ntsiab lus ib txwm muaj, rootkits nyob hauv kernel qhov chaw lossis cov kev pabcuam system. Txawm li cas los xij, niaj hnub no, lawv kuj nyob hauv koj lub chaw khaws cia, CI systems, thiab cov pob khoom qhia, zais rau hauv qhov pom tseeb, cuam tshuam nrog kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov lej, thiab kis kab mob rau cov kab ke.
Los ntawm System Rootkits mus rau Repository Rootkits
Cov kws ua haujlwm ntawm lub kaw lus tau siv zog ntau heev rau cov kernel rootkits. Cov no tau muab kev tswj hwm tag nrho rau lub kaw lus, cuam tshuam syscalls, zais cov txheej txheem, thiab ua kom cov lej tsis raug cai. Tam sim no, xav txog qhov xwm txheej uas tus tsim tawm tsom mus rau: tus neeg ua phem txhaj tshuaj rootkit rau hauv koj Git repo or tsob ntoo uas vam khomLub rootkit repository no yog cov code uas tswj koj cov zis tsim lossis nkag mus rau hauv backdoors, ua ib feem ntawm koj cov khoom siv pob khoom, txawm tias ua ntej lub kaw lus khiav lawv. Rootkits hloov mus rau sab saud rau hauv koj qhov chaw, kev vam khom, thiab CI/CD ntws.
Yuav ua li cas Rootkits nkaum hauv Codebases thiab Dependencies
Cia peb qhib cov ntaub ntawv tawm tsam rootkit uas cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum saib xyuas:
- Ua kom tsis meej pem los yog ua rau neeg nkag siab yuam kev commits
Xav txog ib qho commit uas hais tias "kho qhov yuam kev" tab sis qhov tseeb txhaj tshuaj ib lub loader uas decrypts malicious payloads thaum lub sijhawm khiav. Rootkit nrhiav tau yog qhov nyuaj thaum commit cov lus zais lub hom phiaj. - Cov tsev qiv ntawv hloov pauv lossis qhov rooj tom qab
Ib qho kev ua haujlwm siv tau zoo feem ntau raug hloov nrog ib qho version uas tsis pom tseeb. Nws dhau qhov kev sim tab sis sau cov lus zais rau lub server nyob deb tom qab ua haujlwm ntau teev. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov lej tsis zoo, txawm tias lub tsev qiv ntawv zoo li paub. - Cov pob khoom sab nraud uas raug cuam tshuam thiab kev vam khom hloov pauv
Koj tau teeb tsa lib-crypto@2.0.1; upstream, ib tug neeg lom version 2.0.0 nrog malware. Tam sim no koj pipeline rub tawm ib qho rootkit los ntawm kev sib tsoo, lossis qhov phem dua, koj cov ntaub ntawv xauv tau ploj mus thiab koj rub tawm cov lej tsis huv. - Cov lej pw tsaug zog thiab cov foob pob logic
Tus lej nyob tsis muaj teeb meem rau ntau lub lis piam lossis ntau lub hlis, tom qab ntawd sawv los. Piv txwv li:
Cov kev xeem dhau hnub no, thiab koj tsis pom tias cov lej ua tsis tiav kom txog thaum nws lig dhau lawm.
Vim li cas Rootkit Detection Tseem Ceeb hauv DevOps
Rootkits hauv koj lub xov tooj pipeline thiab repos hem cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tiag tiag ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom:
- Cov khoom siv uas raug hloov kho uas tsis muaj leej twg pom: Yog tias rootkit hooks rau hauv koj daim ntawv sau ua haujlwm, hais tias muaj kev phem tom qab kev teeb tsa or setup.py, koj tus CI yuav dhau mus, thiab koj thawb cov khoom cuav uas raug cuam tshuam yam tsis paub.
- Cov qauv tsis sib xws lossis tsis rov ua dua: Ib qho rootkit yuav ua rau cov qauv sib txawv ntawm cov tshuab tsim tawm piv rau CI cov neeg sawv cev. Qhov sib txawv ntawd yog lub cim liab rau kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov lej, tab sis tsuas yog tias koj tab tom kuaj xyuas nws.
- Kev sib cav sib ceg tas mus li thoob plaws cov ntawv tso tawm: Thaum twg muab tso rau hauv lawm, nws yuav muaj sia nyob tau los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov ceg, kev xaiv cov khoom, thiab kev tso tawm yav tom ntej. Qhov phem dua, nws yuav txhaj nws tus kheej rau hauv cov kev hloov tshiab, ua rau koj cov khoom xa tuaj puas tsuaj.
- Pipeline kev lom thiab kev txav mus los sab hauv cov chaw tsim khoom: Ib qho rootkit tuaj yeem kis tau los ntawm CI configs, cov neeg khiav sib koom, thiab cov tshuab tsim tawm nrog cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj sib koom. Kev ua txhaum cai tsis yog tsuas yog hauv cov code xwb, tab sis thoob plaws ib puag ncig.
Kev Tshawb Nrhiav Rootkit Uas Siv Tau Zoo hauv Pipelines
Nov yog cov txheej txheem uas yooj yim rau cov neeg tsim khoom siv los txhim kho koj qhov kev ua si nrhiav rootkit:
• Kev lees paub Hash rau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb thiab vam khom
Xam ib qho SHA-256 (lossis zoo sib xws) rau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb xws li cov kev cai.txt, pob-lock.json, lossis cov ntawv sau ua ke theem siab tshaj plaws:
Txhua qhov kev hloov pauv rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawd qhia txog qhov ua rau muaj kev phom sij.
• SBOM Kev lees paub (Software Bill of Materials)
tsim SBOM nrog cov cuab yeej zoo li Syft lossis SPDX. Taug qab qhov tseeb tias cov kev vam khom twg (thiab cov versions) nyob hauv koj lub tsev. Piv txwv SBOMs hla cov qauv tsim kom pom cov kev ntxiv tsis tau xav txog lossis phem.
• Kos npe commits thiab kev txheeb xyuas kos npe
Cuam git commit -S thiab xyuas cov kos npe hauv CI:
Ib daim ntawv tshiab, tsis tau kos npe, lossis kos npe tsis meej commit yuav yog ib qho kev soj ntsuam qhov chaw-rootkit.
• Kev kuaj pom qhov txawv txav raws li tus cwj pwm thaum lub sijhawm tsim lossis lub sijhawm khiav
Siv koj lub tsev nrog kev txheeb xyuas kom ntes tau tus cwj pwm txawv txawv: piv txwv li, cov xov tooj hu tsis tau xav txog thaum lub sijhawm npm nruab or pip nruab, lossis cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv hauv cov dirs tiv thaiv:
Cov tsheb khiav tawm tsis tau xav txog thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa tej zaum yuav yog theem ntawm kev thauj khoom rootkit.
• Kev luam theej rau cov ntu code uas tsis meej lossis muaj entropy ntau
Siv cov cuab yeej uas cim cov entropy code txawv txawv lossis cov ntu uas tsis yog ASCII/nyeem nyuaj hauv pull requestsPiv txwv li, koom ua ke ib qho kev luam theej rau Puag 64 cov blobs lossis kev siv exec/eval coj txawv txawv. Cov lej tseem ceeb yuav yog lub loader pw tsaug zog lossis lub payload encrypted.
Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Cov Cai Thoob Plaws Kev Muab Khoom
Mus ntev, koj xav tau kev coj ua uas ua rau kev nrhiav pom rootkit zoo li qub:
- Kev txuas ntawm kev vam khom thiab cov ntaub ntawv xauv: Yuav commit cov ntaub ntawv xauv (pob-xauv.json, cov kev cai.xauv, Thiab lwm yam). Pin cov versions kom koj tsis txhob rub cov kev hloov pauv transitive dependencies thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm rootkit nkag mus.
- Kev kos npe cryptographic ntawm cov ntawv tso tawm thiab cov pob khoom: Kos npe rau koj cov khoom siv tsim kho nrog GPG lossis lwm yam zoo sib xws. Cov neeg siv khoom txheeb xyuas cov kos npe; yog tias rootkit cuam tshuam koj qhov kev tso tawm, kev txheeb xyuas tsis ua tiav thiab rhuav tshem cov saw ntawm kev ntseeg siab.
- Kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm sab nraud thiab kev hloov pauv: Siv cov cuab yeej saib xyuas kev vam khom uas cim cov kev vam khom tshiab lossis hloov pauv. Ua ke nrog SBOM diffs los nrhiav cov modules uas tau txhaj tshuaj lossis hloov pauv.
- Kev saib xyuas tas mus li rau qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm kev vam khom lossis kev hloov pauv tsis raug cai: Automate SBOM qhov sib txawv hauv koj lub CI: ua tsis tiav cov kev tsim kho yog tias muaj kev vam khom tsis tau xav txog tshwm sim. Taug qab kev vam khom dhau sijhawm, thiab ceeb toom yog tias muaj qee yam tsis zoo li lub xeev xav tau: piv txwv li, rootkit commit lossis hloov qhov kev vam khom.
xaus
Rootkits tsis txwv rau sysadmins thiab kernels lawm; lawv tau tsiv mus rau hauv lub plawv ntawm kev txhim kho: koj cov repos, builds, thiab CI pipelines. Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum kho qhov kev tshawb pom rootkit thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov lej ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm appsec. Los ntawm kev siv hash validation, SBOM kev kuaj xyuas, kos npe commits, kev kuaj pom tus cwj pwm tsis zoo, thiab kev tu cev huv si, koj tsim kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv rootkits nyob hauv code.
Ib qho cuab yeej zoo li Xygeni, tsom mus rau kev ua kom cov software supply-chain hardening, tuaj yeem txhawb nqa DevSecOps cov pab pawg kom tswj tau qhov code integrity thiab nrhiav tau cov kev hem thawj rootkit thaum ntxov hauv cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm tus tsim tawm ua ntej, pab tiv thaiv qhov no ua ntej lawv kis mus rau koj lub repo, build, lossis production.
