NjengeGosa eliyiNtloko loKhuseleko loLwazi, i-CIO, okanye injineli ye-DevOps, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba iqonga lakho lilungiselelwe ngokuchanekileyo ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezizinzileyo nezithembekileyo kubasebenzisi bakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukungalingani koqwalaselo kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwimpazamo yomntu ukuya kutshintsho kwiziseko zakho. Kule posi yebhlog, siza kuhlola indlela yokufumana nokusombulula iingxaki zokungalingani koqwalaselo kwiqonga lakho lesoftware ye-DevOps.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba yintoni ulungelelwaniso olungalunganga kunye nendlela olunokuchaphazela ngayo iqonga lakho.
Yintoni ulungelelwaniso olungalunganga?
Ulungelelwaniso olungalunganga ukuphambuka kwisimo esicwangcisiweyo senkqubo yakho, nto leyo enokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo ezifana ixesha lokungasebenzi, ubuthathaka bokhuseleko, kunye nokusebenza kakubi.
Imizekelo yokulungiswa gwenxa ngamasebe ekhowudi yokuhanjiswa angakhuselekanga, ukungabikho kophononongo lwekhowudi, iindlela zokulawula ukufikelela ezingalunganga ezifana nokungabikho koqinisekiso lwezinto ezininzi, amabhakethi okugcina afikeleleka esidlangalaleni kwiziseko zophuhliso zelifu, iimpazamo kwi CI/CD pipelines, idatha ebalulekileyo ayibethelwanga ngexesha lokuphumla, imigaqo-nkqubo yephasiwedi ebuthathaka kunye nezitshixo zokubethela ezingajikeleziswanga.
Ungazibona njani iimpazamo zoqwalaselo?
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufumanisa ukungalungelelani kwiqonga lakho. Enye indlela kukusebenzisa izixhobo zokubeka esweni ezikwazisa ngazo naziphi na iindlela ezichaseneyo noqwalaselo lwakho olusisiseko. Ezi zixhobo zokubeka esweni zinokulungiselelwa ukukhupha izilumkiso xa uqwalaselo kwinkqubo yeDevOps lutshintshile kodwa aluhambelani nemeko elindelekileyo. Eminye imizekelo ingaba:
- Commit sayinaUkuze kuthintelwe ukutshintshwa kwekhowudi nokugcina imvelaphi yotshintsho kwikhowudi, umbutho unokufuna ukuba yonke commits kufuneka zisayinwe ngumbhali. Iindawo zokugcina iikhowudi zingacwangciswa ukuze zifune ukusayinwa commits (umzekelo kwi pull requests), kwaye ulungelelwaniso olungalunganga lunokuxelwa xa oku kunganyanzeliswa.
- Yakha pipeline inezinyathelo ezinxulumene nokhuselekoKukho iitshekhi ezininzi ezinokudibaniswa nolwakhiwo pipeline ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwezinto ezifunyenweyo. Ukuskena iimfihlo, ukuchonga ubuthathaka obaziwayo kwikhowudi yomthombo okanye kwiindlela ezixhomekeke kuzo, ukusebenzisa ii-fuzzers, ukuvelisa iSoftware Bill-of-Materials (SBOM), njalo njalo. Ulungelelwaniso olungalunganga apha kukungabikho kokuhlolwa kwi pipeline njengoko kufuneka ngokomgaqo-nkqubo wesoftware ekujoliswe kuyo.
- Ukungabikho koPhononongo lweKhowudi: Uhlolo lweKhowudi lolona lawulo lwaziwayo lokuthintela imiba yokhuseleko. Ukuze basebenze kakuhle, abahloli beekhowudi kufuneka bazi ukuba bajonge ntoni xa behlola ukuziphatha okungafanelekanga okunxulumene nokhuseleko, njengobuthathaka obujoliswe kwishishini okanye kwanangaphandle kwendlu ngabom. Kodwa kwelinye icala, uhlolo kufuneka lunyanzeliswe, kwaye ukungalwenzi kufuneka kuphakamise izilumkiso. Abahloli boqwalaselo olungalunganga banokujonga ukuba uphononongo lweekhowudi luyimfuneko kwiindawo ezithile, umzekelo ngaphambi kokudibanisa pull request kwisebe lekhowudi eliza kusetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa.
- Ilungelo elincinci: Amalungelo agqithisileyo anceda uhlaselo ukuba luqhubeke kwaye luhambe ecaleni. Izixhobo kunye neenkqubo kufuneka zinike iseti encinci yeemvume zokwenza umsebenzi ofunekayo. Izixhobo zokubona ulungelelwaniso olungalunganga zinokunceda ukuseta uqwalaselo oluvaliweyo, umzekelo ngokukhangela amalungelo omlawuli xa engadingeki, okanye uqwalaselo oluvuliweyo oluzenzekelayo.
- Lawula ukuhanjiswa kwempahla: Ulawulo oluqinileyo malunga nendlela kunye nendawo apho izinto kunye nemifanekiso zipapashwa kwaye zisetyenziswa khona. Isixhobo sokubona ulungelelwaniso olungalunganga sinokuxela xa indawo yokugcina ulwazi kawonke-wonke isetyenziswa ngumphathi wephakheji endaweni yerejista yangaphakathi yombutho enokuthi isebenze njenge-firewall 'yoluhlu olumhlophe', okanye xa ukukhupha isoftware kungadingi ukhuseleko oluthile lwe-cryptographic olufana notyikityo lwedijithali okanye isiqinisekiso semvelaphi.
Wakuba ufumene uqwalaselo olungalunganga, inyathelo elilandelayo kukwenza sombulula ingxakiNazi ezinye iindlela onokuzilandela ukuze ulungise iingxaki kunye nokulungisa ukungalungelelani:
Ungayisombulula njani ingxaki yokungacwangciswanga kakuhle?
Isoftware yanamhlanje pipelinedibanisa izixhobo ezininzi ukusuka kwi SCM zokugcina kwaye wakhe izixhobo CI/CD Izixhobo zolawulo lweenkqubo kunye noqwalaselo. Uhlengahlengiso olungalunganga lwezi zixhobo luvula ithuba lokuba uhlaselo lwekhonkco lokubonelela.
Kukho iinkqubo zokulungisa ezicwangcisiweyo, ngoko ke iinjineli zeDevOps zinokulungisa ngokukhawuleza ulungelelwaniso olungalunganga kwaye zifunde indlela yokuphepha iingxaki ezifanayo kwixesha elizayo. Nazi ezinye iindlela ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe:
- Chonga unobangela oyintloko wokulungiswa gwenxaInyathelo lokuqala ekusombululeni nayiphi na ingxaki kukuchonga unobangela wayo oyintloko. Kwimeko yoqwalaselo olungalunganga, kufuneka ufumanise ukuba yintoni ebangele ukuphambuka kwindlela ebekucwangciswe ngayo. Ngaba yayiyimpazamo yomntu, utshintsho kwiziseko zakho, okanye impazamo kwikhowudi yakho? Wakuba uchongile unobangela oyintloko, ungathatha inyathelo elifanelekileyo lokulungisa ingxaki.
- Buyela kwisimo esilungileyo esaziwayoUkuba ulungelelwaniso olungalunganga lubangelwe lutshintsho olwenziwe kutshanje kwinkqubo yakho, unokukwazi ukulungisa ingxaki ngokubuyela umva kwisimo esaziwayo. Oku kubandakanya ukubuyela kwinguqulelo yangaphambili yoqwalaselo lwenkqubo yakho, ekufuneka izinzile kwaye ingabi nazimo ezingalunganga.
- Hlaziya uxwebhu lwakhoUkuba ulungelelwaniso olungalunganga lubangelwe kukungabikho kwamaxwebhu, kubalulekile ukuhlaziya amaxwebhu akho ukuqinisekisa ukuba iingxaki ezifanayo aziveli kwixesha elizayo. Oku kuquka ukuhlaziya iifayile zoqwalaselo lwenkqubo yakho, kunye nawo nawaphi na amaxwebhu angaphakathi okanye iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo kwiqonga lakho.
- Ukuphumeza oluzenzekelayo: Ukuzenzekelayo kunokunceda ukuthintela ukulungelelaniswa okungalunganga ngokufumanisa nokulungisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuphambuka kwisimo esicetywayo. Oku kungenziwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezifana neenkqubo zolawulo loqwalaselo, ezikuvumela ukuba ucacise uqwalaselo olufunayo kwaye ulusebenzise ngokuzenzekelayo kwinkqubo yakho.
Iqonga loKhuseleko lweSixokelelwano soNcedo lingayinceda njani intlangano yakho?
A software supply chain security Iqonga linceda ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwenkampani yakho ngokubeka esweni yonke inkqubo yophuhliso lwesoftware kunye nokusasazwa kwayo. Oku kuquka:
- Ukulandelela umthombo weenxalenye zesoftware.
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kokukhutshwa kwesoftware.
- Ukuchonga nokunciphisa ubuthathaka bokhuseleko.
Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili ze-a software supply chain security iqonga kukuba liyakwazi ukubona ukungalingani kwasekuqaleni kwenkqubo yophuhliso ngaphambi kokuba zibe yingxaki. Oku kungenxa yokuba iqonga isoloko ijonga inkqubo yophuhliso lwesoftware kwaye ilumkisa amaqela afanelekileyo ukuba ibona naluphi na uphambuko kwisimo esicetywayo.
Nje ukuba kufunyenwe ulungelelwaniso olungalunganga, software supply chain security iqonga linokunceda ukusombulula ingxaki ngokuthi ukubonelela ngezixhobo nolwazi olufunekayo ukulungisa ingxakiUmzekelo, iqonga linokubonelela ngeengxelo ezineenkcukacha okanye imiyalezo yeempazamo enokunceda abaphuhlisi ukuba bachonge unobangela wengxaki.
Ukongeza ekufumaneni nasekusombululeni iimpazamo, software supply chain security iqonga lingakwazi nceda ukuthintela ukwenzeka kokulungiswa okungafanelekanga kwasekuqaleni. Oku kungenziwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo zolawulo lwe-automation kunye noqwalaselo, eziqinisekisa ukuba isoftware icwangciswe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ayinazo naziphi na iingxaki.
Ukuqukumbela, ukungacwangciswa kakuhle kwezinto kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu iqonga lesoftware yeDevOps, ukusuka kwi ixesha lokungasebenzi kakuhle kokhuseleko. Ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokubeka iliso, ukwenza uphicotho rhoqo, yaye ukuphumeza oluzenzekelayo, ungabona kwaye usombulule iingxaki ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo, uqinisekisa ukuba iqonga lakho lihlala likho izinzile kwaye ithembekile kubasebenzisi bakho.
Ekugqibeleni, a software supply chain security iqonga ezifana I-Xygeni sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwimibutho ejonge ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwesoftware yabo. Ngu ngokubeka iliso rhoqo inkqubo yophuhliso kunye nokusasazwa kwesoftware, iqonga lingakwazi fumana kwaye usombulule ukungalungelelani.
