NjengoMphathi Omkhulu Wezokuphepha Kolwazi, i-CIO, noma unjiniyela we-DevOps, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ipulatifomu yakho ihlelwe kahle ukuze ilethe izinsizakalo ezizinzile nezithembekile kubasebenzisi bakho. Kodwa-ke, ukulungiselelwa okungafanele kungenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene, kusukela emaphutheni omuntu kuya ezinguqukweni engqalasizinda yakho. Kulesi sihloko sebhulogi, sizohlola ukuthi singazithola kanjani futhi sixazulule kanjani izinkinga zokulungiselelwa okungafanele kupulatifomu yakho yesofthiwe ye-DevOps.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi kuyini ukulungiselelwa okungalungile nokuthi kungathinta kanjani ipulatifomu yakho.
Kuyini ukulungiselelwa okungalungile?
Ukungalungiselelwa kahle kuyisi ukuphambuka ekucushweni okuhlosiwe kwesistimu yakho, okungaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene ezifana isikhathi sokungasebenzi, ubuthakathaka kwezokuphepha, kanye nokusebenza kabi.
Izibonelo zokungalungiselelwa kahle amagatsha ekhodi yokulethwa angavikelekile, ukuntuleka kokubuyekezwa kwekhodi, imikhuba emibi yokulawula ukufinyelela njengokuntuleka kokuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi, amabhakede okugcina afinyeleleka emphakathini engqalasizinda yamafu, amaphutha ku CI/CD pipelines, idatha ebalulekile engabethelwanga ngesikhathi sokulala, izinqubomgomo zephasiwedi ezibuthakathaka kanye nezinkinobho zokubethela ezingajikelezi.
Ungakubona kanjani ukungalungiselelwa kahle?
Kunezindlela eziningana zokuthola ukungalungiselelwa kahle kwepulatifomu yakho. Enye indlela ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okuqapha akuxwayisa nganoma yikuphi ukuphambuka ekucushweni kwakho okuyisisekelo. Lawa mathuluzi okuqapha angalungiselelwa ukukhipha izexwayiso lapho ukucushwa ohlelweni lwe-DevOps kushintshile kodwa kungahambisani nesimo esilindelekile. Ezinye izibonelo zingaba:
- Commit ukusayinaUkuze kugwenywe ukuphazamiseka kwekhodi futhi kugcinwe ukuvela kwezinguquko kukhodi, inhlangano ingadinga ukuthi konke commitama-s kufanele asayinwe ngumbhali. Ama-repository ekhodi angase alungiselelwe ukuze kudingeke ukuthi kusayinwe commits (isibonelo ku- pull requests), futhi ukungalungiselelwa kahle kungabikwa uma lokhu kungaphoqelelwa.
- Yakha pipeline inezinyathelo ezihlobene nokuphepha: Kunokuhlolwa okuningi okungafakwa ekwakhiweni pipeline ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwezinto ezitholakalayo. Ukuskena izimfihlo, ukuhlonza ubuthakathaka obaziwayo kukhodi yomthombo noma ekuxhomekeni, ukusebenzisa ama-fuzzers, ukukhiqiza i-Software Bill-of-Materials (SBOM), njalo njalo. Ukungalungiselelwa kahle lapha ukuntuleka kokuhlolwa ku pipeline njengoba kudingeka yinqubomgomo yesofthiwe eqondiwe.
- Ukuntuleka Kwezibuyekezo Zekhodi: Ukubuyekezwa Kwekhodi kuyindlela yokulawula eyaziwa kakhulu yokugwema izinkinga zokuphepha. Ukuze kusebenze kahle, ababuyekezi bekhodi kufanele bazi ukuthi yini okufanele bayibheke lapho bebuyekeza ukuziphatha okungalungile okuhlobene nokuphepha, njengobuthakathaka obugxile ebhizinisini noma ngisho nokungena ngemvume ngenhloso. Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukubuyekezwa kufanele kuphoqelelwe, futhi ukungakwenzi kufanele kuphakamise izexwayiso. Abaqaphi bokulungiselelwa okungalungile bangahlola ukuthi ukubuyekezwa kwekhodi kuyadingeka yini ezindaweni ezithile, isibonelo ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa i- pull request egatsheni lekhodi elizosetshenziselwa ukulethwa.
- Ilungelo elincane kakhulu: Amalungelo eqile asiza ukuhlaselwa ukuthi kuqhubeke futhi kuhambe eceleni. Amathuluzi nezinhlelo kufanele zinikeze isethi encane yezimvume zokwenza umsebenzi odingekayo. Izitholi zokungalungiseleli kahle zingasiza ekusetheni ukucushwa okuvaliwe, isibonelo ngokufuna amalungelo omlawuli lapho kungadingeki, noma ukucushwa okuzenzakalelayo okuvuliwe.
- Lawula ukulethwa: Ukulawula okuqinile kokuthi izingxenye nezithombe zishicilelwa futhi zisetshenziswa kanjani futhi kuphi. Isitholi sokungalungiselelwa kahle singase sibike lapho indawo yokugcina yomphakathi isetshenziswa ngumphathi wephakheji esikhundleni sokubhaliswa kwangaphakathi kwenhlangano okungase kusebenze njenge-firewall 'yohlu olumhlophe', noma lapho ukukhulula isofthiwe kungadingi ukuvikelwa kwe-cryptographic njengeziginesha zedijithali noma isitifiketi semvelaphi
Uma usuthole ukulungiselelwa okungalungile, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuthi ukuxazulula inkingaNazi ezinye izinyathelo ongazilandela ukuze uxazulule izinkinga futhi ulungise ukulungiselelwa okungalungile:
Ungaxazulula kanjani ukungalungiselelwa kahle?
Isofthiwe yesimanje pipelinehlanganisa amathuluzi amaningi kusukela ku- SCM izindawo zokugcina futhi sakhe amathuluzi ukuze CI/CD izinhlelo kanye namathuluzi okuphatha ukucushwa. Ukungalungiselelwa kahle kwala mathuluzi kuvula ithuba ukuhlaselwa kochungechunge lokunikezwa kwempahla.
Kunikezwa izinqubo zokulungisa ezisekelwe kumongo, ngakho onjiniyela be-DevOps bangalungisa ngokushesha ukulungiselelwa okungalungile futhi bafunde ukuthi bangazigwema kanjani izinkinga ezifanayo esikhathini esizayo. Nazi ezinye izinyathelo okufanele uzicabangele:
- Thola imbangela eyinhloko yokungalungiselelwa kahle: Isinyathelo sokuqala ekuxazululeni noma iyiphi inkinga ukuthola imbangela yayo eyinhloko. Uma kwenzeka ukungalungiselelwa kahle, udinga ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangele ukuphambuka ekucushweni okuhlosiwe. Ingabe kwakuyiphutha lomuntu, ushintsho engqalasizinda yakho, noma iphutha ekhodini yakho? Uma usuyitholile imbangela eyinhloko, ungathatha isinyathelo esifanele sokulungisa inkinga.
- Buyela emuva ekucushweni okuhle okwaziwayo: Uma ukulungiselelwa okungalungile kubangelwe ushintsho lwamuva ohlelweni lwakho, ungase ukwazi ukulungisa inkinga ngokubuyela emuva ekulungiselelweni okuhle okwaziwayo. Lokhu kuhilela ukubuyela enguqulweni yangaphambilini yokulungiselelwa kohlelo lwakho, okufanele ihlale izinzile futhi ingabi nokulungiselelwa okungalungile.
- Buyekeza amadokhumenti akho: Uma ukulungiselelwa okungalungile kubangelwe ukuntuleka kwamadokhumenti, kubalulekile ukubuyekeza amadokhumenti akho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkinga ezifanayo aziveli esikhathini esizayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukubuyekeza amafayela okucushwa kwesistimu yakho, kanye nanoma yimiphi imibhalo yangaphakathi noma izinqubo ezifanele ipulatifomu yakho.
- Sebenzisa okuzenzakalelayo: Ukuzenzakalela kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukulungiselelwa okungalungile ngokuthola nokulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuphambuka ekucushweni okuhlosiwe. Lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi afana nezinhlelo zokuphatha ukulungiselelwa, ezikuvumela ukuthi ucacise ukulungiselelwa okufisayo bese ukukusebenzisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ohlelweni lwakho.
Ipulatifomu Yokuphepha Kwe-Supply Chain ingayisiza kanjani inhlangano yakho?
A software supply chain security Ipulatifomu isiza ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nobuqotho benkampani yakho ngokuqapha yonke inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe nokusabalalisa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- Ukulandelela umthombo wezingxenye zesofthiwe.
- Ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bokukhishwa kwesofthiwe.
- Ukuhlonza nokunciphisa ubuthakathaka bokuphepha.
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko a software supply chain security ipulatifomu ukuthi ingakwazi thola ukulungiselelwa okungalungile ekuqaleni kwenqubo yokuthuthukisa ngaphambi kokuba zibe yinkinga. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ipulatifomu iqapha njalo inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe futhi ixwayisa amaqembu afanele uma ithola noma yikuphi ukuphambuka ekucushweni okuhlosiwe.
Uma ukulungiselelwa okungalungile sekutholiwe, software supply chain security ipulatifomu ingasiza ekuxazululeni inkinga ngokuthi ukuhlinzeka ngamathuluzi nolwazi oludingekayo ukuze kulungiswe inkingaIsibonelo, ipulatifomu inganikeza amalogi anemininingwane noma imilayezo yamaphutha engasiza onjiniyela ukuthi bathole imbangela yenkinga.
Ngaphezu kokuthola nokuxazulula ukulungiselelwa okungalungile, software supply chain security ipulatifomu nayo ingakwazi siza ukuvimbela ukulungiselelwa okungalungile ukuthi kungenzeki kwasekuqaleni. Lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi okuphatha ukuzenzekela kanye nokucushwa, okuqinisekisa ukuthi isofthiwe ihlelwe kahle futhi ayinazo izinkinga.
Ekuphetheni, ukungalungiselelwa kahle kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu ku- ipulatifomu yesofthiwe ye-DevOps, kusukela isikhathi sokungasebenzi kahle kokuphepha. Ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi wokuqapha, enza ukuhlolwa kwamabhuku njalo, Futhi ukusebenzisa i-automation, ungabona futhi uxazulule ukungalungile ngokushesha nangendlela ephumelelayo, uqinisekise ukuthi ipulatifomu yakho ihlala ikhona okuzinzile nokuthembekile kubasebenzisi bakho.
Ekugcineni, a software supply chain security platform like I-Xygeni iyithuluzi elibalulekile ezinhlanganweni ezifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphepha kanye nobuqotho besofthiwe yabo. Ngu ukuqapha okuqhubekayo inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe kanye nokusabalalisa, ipulatifomu ingakwazi thola futhi uxazulule ukulungiselelwa okungalungile.
