Faka iziguquguquko zemvelo enkambisweni yokwakha kuyinto standard umkhuba wesimanje CI/CD pipelines. Amaqembu afaka iziguquguquko zemvelo enkambisweni yokwakha ukuze adlulise izimfihlo, amathokheni, kanye nokucushwa kwesikhathi sokusebenza ekwakhiweni ngaphandle kwamanani e-hardcoding. Ngaphandle, lokhu kubukeka njengephethini elula nephephile.
Kodwa-ke, empeleni, kuvame ukuba ngenye yezingozi ezinganakwa kakhulu ochungechungeni lokuhlinzekwa kwesofthiwe.
Ngoba uma amaqembu efaka izinto eziguquguqukayo zemvelo enkambisweni yokwakha, lawo manani ayayeka ukuhlukaniswa. Afinyeleleka kukho konke okusebenza ngaphakathi kwalokho pipeline. Yakha izikripthi, amathuluzi e-CLI, izenzo zenkampani yangaphandle, ngisho nokuxhomekeka kungazifunda.
Yilapho izinto ziqala khona ukuwohloka.
Kulesi siqondisi, sibheka indlela amaqembu afaka ngayo izinto eziguquguqukayo zemvelo enkambisweni yokwakha ngendlela yangempela pipelines, lapho ukuvuza kwenzeka khona ngempela, kanye nendlela yokuvikela inqubo yokwakha ngaphandle kokunciphisa ijubane lokuthuthukiswa.
Kusho Ukuthi Kusho Ukujova Izinto Eziguquguqukayo Zemvelo Enqubweni Yokwakha
Emgogodleni wayo, ukufaka iziguquguquko zemvelo kusho ukudlulisa amanani ku- pipeline ngesikhathi sokusebenza ukuze imisebenzi ikwazi ukuyifinyelela ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Lawa manani ngokuvamile afaka okhiye be-API, iziqinisekiso zesizindalwazi, amathokheni, noma ukucushwa okuqondene nendawo. Esikhundleni sokuwagcina ngqo kukhodi, CI/CD uhlelo luzilayisha ngokuguquguquka lapho ukwakhiwa kuqala.
Lokhu kuxazulula inkinga yangempela. Kugcina ikhodi ihlanzekile, kugwema ukuphindaphindwa, futhi kuvumela okufanayo pipeline ukuze kusebenze ezindaweni zokubeka izigaba, ukuhlola, kanye nokukhiqiza.
Kodwa-ke, lo modeli uthembele ekucabangeni okungasasebenzi: ukuthi indawo yokwakha iyalawulwa futhi iyabikezelwa.
Modern pipelineAma-s awayona neyodwa. Ahlanganisa izinyathelo eziningi, ukuhlanganiswa kwangaphandle, kanye nokuncika okusebenzisa ikhodi ngokuguquguqukayo. Ngenxa yalokho, uma i-variable isifakiwe, akuseyona nje indlela yokucushwa. Iba yingxenye yomongo wokwenziwa.
Lapho Izinto Eziguquguqukayo Zemvelo Zivuza khona Enqubweni Yokwakha
Ukuvuza okuningi akwenzeki ngoba othile edalula imfihlo ngokusobala. Kwenzeka ngoba pipelinebaziphatha ngezindlela onjiniyela abangazilindele ngokugcwele.
Isibonelo, unjiniyela angavumela ukuloga okune-verbose ukulungisa iphutha lokwakha okwehlulekayo. Ithuluzi le-CLI lingaphrinta iziguquguquko zemvelo njengengxenye yokukhipha kwalo. Ukuthembela kungafinyelela iziguquguquko zenqubo buthule njengengxenye yokusebenza kwayo.
Akukho neyodwa yalezi zenzo ebonakala isolisa ngokwayo. Kodwa-ke, ndawonye zakha izindlela eziningi zokuvuza.
Izimfihlo zingagcina zithi:
- yakha izingodo ezigcinwa futhi zifakwe ohlwini
- umphumela wokulungisa amaphutha owabiwe kuwo wonke amaqembu
- Izenzo ze-CI zenkampani yangaphandle ezisebenzisa ikhodi yangaphandle
- ukuncika okusebenza ngesikhathi sokufakwa noma isikhathi sokusebenza
- izinto zobuciko zesikhashana ezenziwe ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa
Uma imfihlo isivele ezingodweni, ayivami ukuhlala igcinwe. Izingodo ziyakopishwa, zigcinwe, futhi zigcinwe ezinhlelweni eziningi. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukudalulwa kudlulela ngale kwasekuqaleni. pipeline.
Yingakho ukuvuza okuguqukayo kwemvelo kuvame ukutholakala sekwephuzile, futhi ngemva kokuba umonakalo usuvele wenziwe.
Kungani Amaqembu Efaka Izinto Eziguquguqukayo Zemvelo Enqubweni Yokwakha
Naphezu kwalezi zingozi, amaqembu athembele kakhulu ekufakweni kwezinguquko zemvelo. Futhi ngesizathu esihle.
Inika amandla pipelines ukuze uhlale uguquguqukayo. Ukuhamba komsebenzi okukodwa kungavumelanisa nezimo ezahlukene, kuqinisekiswe ngokumelene nezinsizakalo eziningi, futhi kushintshe ukuziphatha ngokuguquguqukayo ngaphandle kokushintsha ikhodi.
Ezindaweni ze-DevOps ezihamba ngokushesha, lokhu kuguquguquka kubalulekile. Kodwa-ke, ukuguquguquka kuhlala kuhambisana nokushintshana. Uma i-a enamandla kakhulu pipeline kuba, kulapho kuba nzima khona ukulawula okwenzekayo ngaphakathi kuyo. Isinyathelo ngasinye esengeziwe, ukuhlanganiswa, noma ukuncika kwandisa inani lezindawo lapho idatha ebucayi ingafinyelelwa khona.
Ngenxa yalokho, ukufakwa kwe-environment variable kuyashintsha kusuka emininingwaneni yokucushwa kuya ekukhathazekeni kokuphepha.
Izingozi Ezivamile Uma Ufaka Izinguquko Zemvelo Enqubweni Yokwakha
Izingozi azizona ezicatshangelwayo. Zibonakala zingokoqobo pipelinensuku zonke.
Izimfihlo ezivuza ezingodweni
Amalogi angenye ye imithombo evame kakhulu yokuchayekaAmafulegi okulungisa iphutha, amathuluzi e-CLI, kanye nokulandelela izitaki kuvame ukuveza amanani abucayi ngaphandle konjiniyela abaqaphelayo.
Uma seziveziwe, lezo zindinganiso zisakazeka ngokushesha kuzo zonke izinhlelo.
Ukufinyelela okuvunyelwe ngokweqile
Abaningi pipelinekuveza zonke izinto eziguquguqukayo kuyo yonke imisebenzi. Lokhu kudala ingozi engadingekile.
Uma isinyathelo esisodwa siba sengozini, singafinyelela iziqinisekiso esingazidingi ngempela.
Ukuthembela kanye nokusetshenziswa kabi kwezenzo
Modern pipelinebathembele kakhulu kumathuluzi kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinkampani zangaphandle. Lezi zingxenye zisebenza endaweni efanayo nezimfihlo zakho.
Uma omunye wabo eziphatha kabi, angafinyelela iziguquguquki ezifakiwe buthule.
Ngokuvumelana ne OWASP, ukuhlaselwa kweketanga lokuhlinzeka kuvame ukusebenzisa izingxenye ezithembekile enqubweni yokwakha. Izinguquko zemvelo zivame ukuba yizithako ezilula kakhulu.
Izimfihlo zokubuyela emuva kukhodi
Uma ukwakhiwa kwehluleka ngenxa yeziguquguquko ezingekho, amaqembu ngezinye izikhathi anezela amanani okubuyela emuva ukuze agcinwe pipelineukugijima.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, la manani athola commitifakiwe noma isetshenziswe, okudala ukuchayeka isikhathi eside.
Izindlela Ezinhle Zokufaka Izinto Eziguquguqukayo Zemvelo Enqubweni Yokwakha Ngokuphephile
| Isigaba | Umkhuba Ohamba phambili | Kungani Kubalulekile |
|---|---|---|
| Isitoreji sezimfihlo | Sebenzisa i-vault noma umphathi wezimfihlo ze-CI | Ivimbela ukudalulwa kwekhodi |
| Ukulawula ukufinyelela | Nciphisa ukufinyelela ngomsebenzi ngamunye | Kunciphisa indawo yokuhlasela |
| Imithi | Amanani abucayi emaski | Ivimbela ukuvuza |
| Ububanzi kanye nesikhathi sokuphila | Sebenzisa iziqinisekiso zesikhashana | Ikhawulela irediyasi yokuqhuma |
| Ukuqinisekiswa | Ukwakha kuyahluleka uma iziguquguquko zingekho | Igwema ukwehluleka okungaphephile |
Kungani Kuningi CI/CD Amathuluzi Okuphepha Miss Env Var Ukuvuza
Amathuluzi amaningi okuphepha agxila ekuskeneni ikhodi noma ekuncikeni ngemva kokuqedwa kokwakhiwa.
Kodwa-ke, ukuvuza okuguquguqukayo kwemvelo kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokwenziwa.
A pipeline ingafaka izimfihlo ngendlela efanele futhi isazoziveza ngamalogi noma ukuziphatha kwesikhathi sokusebenza. Ngesikhathi isithwebuli sithola inkinga, imfihlo ingase ibe isivele isengozini.
Lokhu kudala igebe phakathi kokutholwa nokuvimbela.
Amaqembu adinga izilawuli ezisebenza ngenkathi pipeline iyagijima, hhayi ngemva kokuqeda.
Indlela Esincoma Ngayo Ukuvikela Imvelo Eguquguqukayo Injection
Empeleni, ukuvikelwa okuphumelelayo kuncike ezimisweni ezimbalwa ezihambisanayo.
Gcina izimfihlo ngaphandle pipeline. Zifake ngesikhathi sokusebenza kuphela. Nciphisa ukufinyelela kububanzi obuncane obudingekayo. Sebenzisa iziqinisekiso zesikhashana noma nini lapho kungenzeka.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, qapha ukuthi kanjani pipelineamanani abucayi okufinyelela. Amaphethini okufinyelela angalindelekile avame ukukhombisa ingozi ngaphambi kokuba kubonakale ukuvuza.
Le ndlela ishintsha ukuphepha kusuka ekutholeni okusabelayo kuya ekulawuleni okusebenzayo.
Indlela i-Xygeni Esiza Ngayo Ukuvikela CI/CD Umjovo Oyimfihlo
Esikhundleni sokuthembela kuphela ekuskeni ngemuva kokwakhiwa, i-Xygeni ihlaziya ukuthi kanjani pipelineSebenzisa iziguquguquko zemvelo njengoba zisebenza. Lokhu kufaka phakathi indlela izimfihlo ezihamba ngayo emisebenzini, indlela izinyathelo zokwakha ezifinyelela ngayo kuzo, kanye nendlela ukuncika okuhlangana ngayo nendawo yokusebenza.
Isibonelo, i-Xygeni ingathola ukuthi pipeline iveza iziguquguquko kabanzi kakhulu, lapho isinyathelo sibeka engcupheni yokuphrinta amanani abucayi kumalogi, noma lapho ukuthembela kuzama ukufinyelela iziqinisekiso ngokungalindelekile.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, guardrails ukuphoqelela inqubomgomo ngqo ku pipelineAmaqembu angavimba izakhiwo ezingaphephile, anciphise ukufinyelela okuyimfihlo emisebenzini ethile, futhi avimbele ukucushwa okuyingozi ngaphambi kokuba kufinyelele ekukhiqizeni.
Ngoba lokhu kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwe- CI/CD ukugeleza komsebenzi, abathuthukisi akudingeki bashintshe indlela abasebenza ngayo. Ukuphepha kuba yingxenye ye pipeline, akusona isinyathelo esihlukile.
Ngenxa yalokho, amaqembu athola ukuqonda ngendlela izimfihlo ezisetshenziswa ngayo, alawula indlela ezidalulwa ngayo, futhi anciphise ingozi yokuvuza ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukulethwa.
Imicabango Final
Kodwa-ke, futhi kuveza ungqimba lwengozi oluvame ukunganakwa.
Inselele akukhona ukuthi kufanele kusetshenziswe yini iziguquguquko zemvelo, kodwa ukuthi zingalawulwa kanjani ukuvezwa kwazo ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Ezindaweni zesimanje ze-DevOps, ukuvimbela ukuvuza ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakha kubaluleke kakhulu kunokukuthola kamuva.
