ukuphepha kwe-npm kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe yesimanje. Ngabathuthukisi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-17 emhlabeni jikelele usebenzisa npm kuya Faka futhi uphathe umthombo ovulekile amaphakheji, manje sekuwumgogodla wamaphrojekthi e-JavaScript kanye ne-Node.js. Kodwa-ke, ukuthandwa kwayo kuyenza ibe yisisulu esiyinhloko sabenzi bobubi. Ukuncika okungahlolwanga, amamojula aphelelwe yisikhathi, kanye namaphakheji anobuthi konke kungaletha izingozi ezinkulu ku-codebase yakho. Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizophendula imibuzo evame kakhulu mayelana ukuphepha kwe-npm, kusukela endleleni eya Faka futhi sibuyekeze amaphakheji ngokuphephile ukuze siqonde imibiko yobuthakathaka. Sizophinde sabelane ngezibalo zangempela ezibonisa ukuthi kungani onjiniyela nezinhlangano kumele bathathe izinyathelo ezisebenzayo ukuvikela amaphrojekthi abo.
📊 Ukuphepha kwe-Npm ngezinombolo
Ake sikubeke ngendlela efanele lokho. Ubukhulu be-npm busho ukuthi ngisho nokungalungi okuncane kungaba nemiphumela emikhulu. Lezi zibalo zigcizelela ukuthi kungani ukuphepha kwe-npm kumele kube yingxenye yomsebenzi wakho wokuthuthukiswa kwansuku zonke:
- Onjiniyela abayizigidi ezingu-17 emhlabeni jikelele sebenzisa i-npm ukuphatha ukuncika kanye nekhodi yokwabelana.
- Iyaphatha izigidigidi zokulandwa njalo ngeviki, ukunika amandla i-JavaScript, i-Node.js, kanye nezinhlaka zesimanje.
- Ubuthakathaka obungu-40,009 kwembulwe ngo-2024, I-38% yanda ngaphezu kuka-2023, kufaka phakathi 231 CVSS 10.0 amaphutha obunzima.
- Ukubhaliswa komthombo ovulekile njenge-NPM bavame ukuxhashazwa bamba amaphakheji anonya ukuqondisa izindawo zonjiniyela kanye CI/CD pipelines.
- Ukutholwa Kwe-Malware Yase-Xygeni Kwasekuqaleni kutholakale futhi kuvinjelwe Amaphakheji angu-1,945 anonya kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuJulayi 2025, ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa okungenzeka kochungechunge lokuphakelwa.
- 5 Iziphathimandla ze-CVE kubalwe cishe Ama-44% azo zonke izithiyo zika-2024, okubonisa ithonya elikhulu lamaphrojekthi amakhulu omthombo ovulekile engcupheni yokuphepha komhlaba wonke.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Ngokuphepha Kwase-Npm
- Kuyini i-npm?
- Iyini isifinyezo se-npm?
- Ubani ongumnikazi wenkampani ye-npm?
- Kuyini ukuphepha kwe-npm?
- Isetshenziselwa ini i-npm?
- Ayini amaphakheji e-npm?
- Indlela yokufaka i-npm
- Indlela yokukhipha i-npm
- Indlela yokubuyekeza i-npm
- Indlela yokuvuselela iphakheji ye-npm
- Kuyini i-npm ci
- Kusho ukuthini ikhodi yephutha le-npm ENOENT
- Kusho ukuthini ukuthi "iphutha le-npm alikwazanga ukunquma ukuthi liyasebenza"?
- Ingabe amaphakheji e-npm aphephile?
Kuyini i-npm?
Npm (I-Node Package Manager) iyimenenja yephakheji ezenzakalelayo ye-Node.js, esetshenziselwa ukufaka, ukwabelana, nokuphatha ikhodi ye-JavaScript. Isebenza kokubili njengethuluzi lomugqa wemiyalo kanye nokubhalisa okukhulu komphakathi, npmjs.com, ibamba izigidi zamaphakheji. Ngokulandwa kwezigidigidi zanyanga zonke, i-npm ingenye yamathuluzi asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kweJavaScript ne-TypeScript yesimanje.
Iyini isifinyezo se-npm?
Isichazamazwi npm imele I-Node Package ManagerYaqala njengethuluzi elilula lokufaka nokwabelana ngekhodi yeJavaScript ye-Node.js, futhi yize izici zayo zikhulile, igama layo lihlale lifana.
Ubani ongumnikazi wenkampani ye-npm?
I-GitHub ithengile i-npm, Inc. ngo-2020, kanye Microsoft ungumnikazi we-GitHub. Lesi sinyathelo senze irejista yazinza kakhudlwana, kwaba lula ukuyisebenzisa, futhi yaphepha. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-GitHub ixhume izinhlelo ze-npm eduze kakhulu nezayo, yengeza amathuluzi okushicilela angcono kanye nemithetho yokuphepha eqinile.
Kuyini ukuphepha kwe-Npm?
Ukuphepha kwe-Npm kubhekisela kusethi yemikhuba namathuluzi asetshenziswa ukuvikela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingozini ohlelweni lwe-npm. Ngenxa yokuthi noma ubani angashicilela kurejista yomphakathi, abahlaseli balayishe ngempumelelo amaphakheji anonya aqukethe iminyango yangemuva, abantshontshi bedatha, kanye nabavukuzi be-crypto. Abanye bafaka engozini abanakekeli abathembekile ukuze bacindezele izibuyekezo eziyingozi, kuyilapho ukuncika okudala kungashiya ubuthakathaka obaziwayo bungalungiswanga.
Ukuze kugcinwe ukuphepha kwe-npm, onjiniyela kufanele:
- Qinisekisa abanakekeli kanye nobuqotho bephakheji.
- Phina izinguqulo zephakheji ukuze ugweme izinguquko ezingafuneki.
- Sebenzisa ukuskena kokuphepha ngaphambi kokusebenzisa.
- Qhubeka uqapha ukuncika ku CI/CD ukuhamba komsebenzi.
I-Xygeni ihlanganisa lezi zinyathelo ngqo enkambisweni yakho yokuthuthukisa. Iskena konke ukuncika kwe-npm, kufaka phakathi okuguquguqukayo, ukuthola ubuthakathaka obaziwayo, ikhodi enonya, kanye nezinguquko ezisolisayo. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuJulayi 2025 kuphela, i-Early Malware Detection yethu ivinjiwe Amaphakheji angu-1,900 anonya ngaphambi kokuba zithinte izinhlelo zokukhiqiza.
Indlela yokufaka i-npm
I-Npm iza ne-Node.js, ngakho-ke indlela ephephile yokuyifaka ukulanda ukusatshalaliswa okusemthethweni kwe-Node.js kusuka ku- nodejs.orgLokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola i-binary ethembekile, esayiniwe yesistimu yakho yokusebenza. Ungasebenzisa futhi abaphathi bephakheji abanjengo Homebrew ku-macOS noma Chocolatey ku-Windows, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi bakhipha ngqo emithonjeni esemthethweni.
Kusukela ku-CLI, isheke elisheshayo:
Amathiphu aqondene nepulatifomu:
- i-macOS: Faka kusuka kusikhulu
.pkgisifaki noma nge-brew install node, ukuqinisekisa amasignesha lapho kungenzeka khona. - Windows: Sebenzisa isifaki se-Node.js MSI esivela kusayithi elisemthethweni futhi ugweme izibuko zangaphandle.
- I-Linux: Sebenzisa umphathi wephakheji we-distro yakho noma i-Node Version Manager (nvm) ukuze ugcine izinguqulo zihambisana.
I-hook yezokuphepha: Kungani ukuphepha kokufakwa kwe-npm kubalulekile
Lapho ugijima npm install, ulanda iphakheji oyifunayo kanye nazo zonke izinto ezincike kuyo, ngezinye izikhathi kubanakekeli abaningi abahlukene. Lokhu kuvula indawo enkulu yokuhlasela ngoba izinto ezingaqondile zingafihla ikhodi enonya.
Ukufakwa okuphephile akukhona nje ukuthi uthola kuphi i-npm, kodwa futhi kumayelana nendlela ophatha ngayo amaphakheji ngemva kwalokho. Skena ukuncika ngesikhathi sokufakwa, okungcono kakhulu ngethuluzi elakhelwe ku-CLI yakho noma CI/CD, ukuze ubambe ubuthakathaka obaziwayo, izisayini ze-malware, kanye nezinguquko ezisolisayo ngaphambi kokuba zifinyelele isisekelo sakho sekhodi. Isibonelo, I-Xygeni iskena konke ukuncika, kufaka phakathi lawo aguqukayo, ngokushesha nje lapho uwafaka. Imaka amaphakheji anonya noma asengozini ngesikhathi sangempela, ngakho awakaze afike ekukhiqizweni.
Indlela yokubuyekeza i-npm
Ukugcina i-npm isesikhathini kubalulekile kokubili ekusebenzeni nasekuphepheni. Izinguqulo eziphelelwe yisikhathi zingakushiya ubhekene nobuthakathaka obungashintshiwe ku-CLI uqobo noma kulabhulali ehlanganisiwe. Ukuze uhlole inguqulo yakho yamanje:
Uma ufake i-Node.js ngesayithi elisemthethweni, ungabuyekeza i-npm kaningi nge:
Uma usebenzisa i-Node Version Manager (nvm), buyekeza i-Node.js ukuze uthole i-npm yakamuva:
Amanothi aqondene nepulatifomu:
- macOS/Linux: Sebenzisa
nvmnoma umphathi wephakheji yakho ukuze ugweme ukungqubuzana kwenguqulo. - Windows: Buyekeza ngesifaki esisemthethweni se-Node.js noma
npm-windows-upgrade.
I-hook yezokuphepha: Kungani izibuyekezo ze-npm ziyindlela engcono kakhulu yezokuphepha
Ukukhishwa ngakunye kwe-npm kungafaka phakathi ukulungiswa kobuthakathaka be-npm noma ukuqina ngokumelene nama-vector amasha okuhlasela. Ukusebenzisa iklayenti le-npm elidala kungavumela abahlaseli ukuthi basebenzise amaphutha aziwayo kumphathi wephakheji uqobo, kufaka phakathi izinkinga zendlela ephatha ngayo isixazululo sokuxhomekeka noma ukusebenzisa izikripthi.
Ngokuhlanganisa ukuskena kwezokuphepha kwe-npm ohlelweni lwakho lokubuyekeza, ungaqiniseka ukuthi akuyona i-CLI kuphela ephephile kodwa futhi namaphakheji akho akhona aphinde ahlolwe ubuthakathaka ngemva kokubuyekeza. I-Xygeni ingenza lokhu kube ngokuzenzakalela ngokuskena wonke umuthi wakho wokuthembela ngokushesha ngemva kokubuyekeza, imaka noma yiziphi izingozi ezaziwayo noma izinguquko ezisolisayo ukuze uqale kusukela esisekelweni esihlanzekile nesiphephile.
Ayini amaphakheji e-npm?
Iphakheji ye-npm iyisiqeshana esingasetshenziswa kabusha sekhodi ye-JavaScript noma ye-TypeScript ongayifaka kuphrojekthi yakho ngomyalo owodwa. Amaphakheji asukela emisebenzini emincane yokusetshenziswa kuya kuzinhlaka ezigcwele njenge-React. Iphakheji ngayinye ingancika kwamanye amaphakheji, afakwa yi-npm ngokuzenzakalelayo kuwe.
Ukufakwa okujwayelekile kubukeka kanje:
Lokhu kuzolanda lodash kanye nakho konke ukuncika kwayo okuvela kurejista yomphakathi ku-npmjs.com.
I-hook yokuphepha: Kungani amaphakheji angaba yingozi
Nakuba amaphakheji e-npm esheshisa intuthuko, andisa nendawo yakho yokuhlasela. Ngenxa yokuthi noma ubani angashicilela ku-npm, abahlaseli balayishe amaphakheji anonya anemithwalo efihliwe, iminyango yangemuva, noma abavukuzi be-crypto. Ngisho nemitapo yolwazi ethandwayo nethembekile iye yafakwa engcupheni ngemuva kokuba i-akhawunti yomnakekeli ibekwe engcupheni. ukuqashwa.
Enye inkinga evamile ukudideka kokuthembela, lapho iphakheji enonya enegama elifanayo nelangaphakathi ishicilelwa esidlangalaleni bese ifakwa ngephutha.
Ukuskena kokuphepha kwe-npm okusebenzayo kukusiza ukuthi ubambe lezi zinsongo ngaphambi kokuba zifinyelele ekukhiqizweni. I-Xygeni ihlola kokubili ukuncika okuqondile nokuguquguqukayo, ukuskena ubuthakathaka obaziwayo, izinguquko zekhodi ezisolisayo, kanye nezinkinga zobuqotho bephakheji ngesikhathi sokufakwa kanye naku- CI/CDNgale ndlela, ungangeza amaphakheji ngokushesha ngaphandle kokudonsa ubuthakathaka be-npm obubeka uhlelo lwakho engozini.
Indlela yokukhipha i-npm
Uma udinga ukukhipha i-npm ngokwayo, inqubo incike ekutheni ifakwe kanjani. Ku-macOS noma ku-Linux, ungayisusa nge-package manager yakho (isb., i-brew uninstall node izosusa ne-npm, njengoba iza ihlanganiswe ne-Node.js). Ku-Windows, ungakhipha i-Node.js kusuka ku-Control Panel, esusa ne-npm.
Isikhathi esiningi, nokho, abathuthukisi abayikhiphi ngokuphelele i-npm, bakhipha amaphakheji athile besebenzisa:
Noma, uma kuncike ekuthuthukisweni:
I-hook yokuphepha: Ukukhipha njengengxenye yempendulo yesigameko
Ngezinye izikhathi, ukukhipha iphakheji kungaphezu kokuhlanza — kuyingxenye yokusabela esigamekweni sokuphepha. Uma usufake iphakheji kamuva etholakale inonya noma inezinkinga ezinkulu, ukuyisusa ngokushesha kusiza ukunciphisa umonakalo.
I-Xygeni isheshisa lokhu ngokubona amaphakheji ayingozi kusenesikhathi, ibonise ukuthi yimaphi amafayela kanye nokuncika akushintshayo, futhi ihlole ukuthi ubuthakathaka bungasetshenziswa yini kukhodi yakho. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi unqume ngokushesha ukuthi uzosusa yini iphakheji, ubuyekezele enguqulweni ephephile, noma uyivimbele. CI/CD.
Kuyini i-npm ci
The npm ci umyalo wenzelwe ukufakwa okuhlanzekile nokuqinisekile. Esikhundleni sokufunda izinguqulo zephakheji kusuka ku- package.json futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ilande ukukhishwa okusha okuhambisanayo, ifaka lokho kanye okubhalwe ku- package-lock.jsonLokhu kusho ukuthi konke ukufakwa kuyafana, kungakhathalekile ukuthi kusebenza nini noma kuphi.
Ngokombono wonjiniyela, npm ci ishesha ukwedlula npm install ezindaweni zokuhlanganisa eziqhubekayo ngoba yeqa izinyathelo ezithile zokuxazulula ukuncika. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ngokombono wokuphepha, ivimbela izinguquko zokuncika ezingaqinisekisiwe ukuthi zingene ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sakho.
I-hook yokuphepha: Kungani npm ci izindaba zokuvikelwa kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka
I-npm ci ilandela ngokuqinile ifayela lokukhiya, ngakho-ke yehlisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa kwe-supply chain njengokudideka kokuxhomekeka noma ukukhishwa kwama-patch okungalungile. Ikunikeza izinguqulo eziqondile zokuxhomekeka ozihlolile okokugcina, okusiza ukuvimba ubuthakathaka obungalindelekile ukuthi buvele ngesikhathi sokufakwa.
Nge-Xygeni, ungangeza olunye ungqimba lokuphepha ngokuskena konke ukuncika, kufaka phakathi lokho okuvalelwe ngaphakathi, ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwe-CI. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma ngabe ifayela lakho lokukhiya lihlanzekile namuhla, usazobona ubuthakathaka obusanda kudalulwa noma i-malware efihliwe ngaphambi kokuba uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza luthunyelwe.
Kusho ukuthini ikhodi yephutha le-npm ENOENT
The npm error code ENOENT ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi ifayela noma isiqondisi esilindelwe ngo-npm asikwazanga ukutholakala. Izimbangela ezivamile zifaka phakathi izindlela zefayela ezingalungile, izikripthi ezingekho ku package.json, noma ukuncika okungafakwanga kahle. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kuyinkinga elula yokucushwa noma yendawo.
I-hook yokuphepha: Uma i-ENOENT ingaba ngaphezu kokuthayipha
Amaphutha amaningi e-ENOENT awayona ingozi, kodwa amaphakheji e-npm anonya angashintsha noma asuse amafayela ngamabomu. Abahlaseli bangase bashintshe izikripthi zokufaka zomuntu oxhomeke ku-dependent ukuze baphule izindlela zokufeza, baqondise kabusha ukungenisa, noma bafake imithwalo enobungozi ngesikhathi sokuzama ukufaka kabusha.
Hlola njalo amaphutha angalindelekile e-ENOENT, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokwengeza noma ukubuyekeza ukuxhomekeka. Uma uhlanganisa i-Xygeni emsebenzini wakho, ihlola konke ukuxhomekeka ukuze ithole ubuthakathaka obaziwayo, izinguquko ezinonya, kanye nezikripthi zokufaka ezisolisayo ngaphambi kokuba zifike endaweni yakho. Lokhu kunciphisa amathuba okuthi iphutha le-ENOENT lifihle ubuthakathaka obujulile be-npm.
Kusho ukuthini ukuthi "iphutha le-npm alikwazanga ukunquma ukuthi liyasebenza"?
Leli phutha livela lapho i-npm ingakwazi ukuthola ukuthi iyiphi i-binary noma iskripthi okufanele sisebenzele umyalo onikeziwe. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka uma i- package.json ulahlekile bin or scripts ukungena, noma uma ukuncika kufakwe ngendlela engafanele. Ukuthayipha ngamagama omyalo, ukuntuleka kwezakhiwo, noma izinkinga zendlela ethile yesikhulumi nakho kungabangela lokho.
Kusuka ku ukuphepha kwe-npm umbono, phatha leli phutha njengefulegi elibomvu uma livela ngokuzumayo, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokufaka amaphakheji amasha. Amanye amaphakheji e-npm anonya ashintsha ngamabomu izindlela zokwenza noma ashintshe ama-binary ukuze athathe imiyalo. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kungabonisa i- ubuthakathaka be-npm noma ngisho nokuhlasela okusebenzayo kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka.
Unganciphisa le ngozi ngokuthi:
- Ukufaka amaphakheji avela emithonjeni ethembekile kanye nabanakekeli kuphela.
- Running
npm auditkanye nokubuyekeza izinkinga ezimakwe ngaphambi kokuqhubeka. - Ukukhiya izinguqulo zokuthembela ngefayela lokukhiya ukuze kugwenywe ukudonsa izibuyekezo ezingaqinisekisiwe.
- Ukusebenzisa a CI/CD pipeline ngokuskena kokuphepha okuvuliwe.
Ekuhambeni komsebenzi wokuthuthukiswa okuphephile, ithuluzi elifana I-Xygeni Iskena ukuncika ngesikhathi sangempela futhi imaka izinguquko zefayela ezisolisayo ezingase ziphule izindlela zokwenza. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphutha anjengalawa abangelwa ukungalungiselelwa kahle kwangempela, hhayi ukuphazanyiswa okunonya.
Indlela yokuvuselela iphakheji ye-npm
Ukubuyekeza amaphakheji e-npm kugcina iphrojekthi yakho ihambisana nezici zakamuva futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, kuvala ubuthakathaka obaziwayo. Amaphakheji aphelelwe yisikhathi angomunye wemithombo evame kakhulu ye ubuthakathaka be-npm ngoba abahlaseli bavame ukusebenzisa amaphutha okuphepha angakalungiswa ezinguqulweni ezindala.
Ungabuyekeza iphakheji eyodwa ngokusebenzisa:
Noma, ukuze uthuthukele enguqulweni enkulu yakamuva, ungase udinge
Kusukela ekubukeni kokuphepha kwe-npm, kufanele ubuyekeze ngokucophelela. Ukubuyekeza konke ngaphandle kokuhlola kungaphula ikhodi yakho noma kungeze ukuncika okungaphephile. Njalo:
- Buyekeza i-changelog ukuze uthole ukulungiswa kokuphepha.
- Sebenzisa
npm auditukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubuthakathaka buyaxazululwa. - Hlola umsebenzi womnakekeli kanye nezimpawu zokuthembana komphakathi.
- Buyekeza ifayela lakho lokukhiya ukuqinisekisa ukufakwa okufanayo kuzo zonke izindawo.
In CI/CD pipelines, ukuskena okuzenzakalelayo kokuphepha kuqinisekisa ukuthi isibuyekezo senza iphrojekthi yakho iphephe ngempela. I-Xygeni idlulela ngalé kokubonisa amaphakheji amadala, ihlola ukuthi ubuthakathaka enguqulweni yakho yamanje bungasetshenziswa yini ngempela ekhodini yakho futhi ikuxwayise ukuthi inguqulo entsha iletha izingozi ezintsha. Ngale ndlela, ukhetha isibuyekezo esiphephile esikhundleni sokuqagela.
Ingabe amaphakheji e-npm aphephile?
Impendulo eqotho ithi hhayi njaloNgisho namaphakheji e-npm athandwayo angonakalisa ngokufaka amaphutha, abanakekeli abanonya, noma ukuthathwa kwama-akhawunti. Ngo-2024 kuphela, amaqembu okuphepha aphawule amakhulu ubuthakathaka be-npm kumaphakheji anezinkulungwane zokulandwa kwamasonto onke. Amanye ayequkethe abavukuzi be-crypto abafihliwe ezikriphthini zangemuva kokufakwa, amanye athumela amasela okuqinisekisa asongwe ngekhodi efihliwe.
Njengonjiniyela, ungenza amaphakheji e-npm aphephe ngokuhlanganisa imikhuba emihle namathuluzi afanele:
- Hlola umthombo: Qinisekisa ubunikazi bomgcini kanye nomsebenzi wesitoreji.
- Buyekeza izinguquko zakamuva: Bheka i-changelog bese commit umlando ngaphambi kokuthuthukisa.
- Izinhlobo zephinikhodi: Sebenzisa amafayela okukhiya ukuze ugweme izibuyekezo zokuxhomeka ezingalindelekile.
- Skena ngokuqhubekayo: Ungagcini nje ngokubheka ukufakwa; skena ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa ngakunye.
Nge-Xygeni, le nqubo iba ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ithembeke kakhulu:
- Ukuskena kwangempela-isikhathi Ngesikhathi
npm installfuthi ngo CI/CD pipelines ukuze kubanjwe ubuthakathaka obaziwayo kanye nekhodi enonya ngaphambi kokuba ifinyelele ekukhiqizweni. - Ukuhlaziywa kokufinyeleleka ukuthola ukuthi indlela yekhodi esengozini ingasetshenziswa yini ngempela kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza.
- Ukutholwa kohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha lokho kukhomba amaphethini ekhodi asolisayo, ngisho nasezinhlotsheni eziguqukayo.
- Ukulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo ukuthuthukisa noma ukulungisa ngokuphephile ngaphandle kokuphula isakhiwo sakho.
Ngamafuphi, i-Xygeni iguqula ukuphepha kwephakheji ye-npm kusuka emsebenzini wesandla ibe yisivikelo esizenzakalelayo nesisebenzayo, ukuze ukwazi ukugxila ezicini zokuthumela ngaphandle kokushiya izinsongo ezifihliwe kuchungechunge lwakho lokuhlinzeka.
Isetshenziselwa ini i-npm?
I-Npm (Node Package Manager) iyinsika yokuthuthukiswa kweJavaScript yesimanje. Ijwayele ukwenza lokhu faka, phatha, futhi wabelane ngamaphakheji ekhodi angasetshenziswa kabusha ngakho-ke abathuthukisi akudingeki baphinde basungule ukusebenza okuvamile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usetha uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-React, ungeza ilabhulali yosuku, noma udonsa amathuluzi okwakha njenge-Webpack, i-npm ivame ukuba yindawo yakho yokuqala.
I-Npm ingaphezu nje kwethuluzi lonjiniyela. Idlala i- indima ebalulekile ochungechungeni lokuhlinzekwa kwesofthiwe kwezigidi zamaphrojekthi. Uma abahlaseli bekwenza kube nzima, umonakalo ungasakazeka kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezingenakubalwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, abenzi bobubi bavame ukuhlasela i-npm ekuhlaselweni kwe-supply chain.
Ukuze usebenzise i-npm ngokuphephile, akwanele nje ukugijima npm install futhi ngithemba okuhle kakhulu:
- Qinisekisa ubuqiniso bephakheji ngaphambi kokufaka.
- Ukuthembela ekuhlolweni kwezimali ngenxa yobuthakathaka obaziwayo.
- Nciphisa ukuchayeka engcupheni ngokususa amaphakheji angasetshenziswanga.
I-Xygeni yakha lezi zivikelo ngqo emsebenzini wakho wokusebenza. Iskena yonke iphakheji ye-npm, kufaka phakathi eshintshashintshayo, ngesikhathi sokufakwa kanye CI/CD yakha, ithola amaphethini anonya, futhi ibeka phambili ubuthakathaka ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kabi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphakheji owasebenzisela ukuthuthukiswa kwansuku zonke awafaki buthule izingozi ezinkulu ku-codebase yakho.
