Uphuhliso lwesoftware yanamhlanje luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi ezivulelekileyo. Ithala leencwadi ngalinye liyakhawulezisa ukuhanjiswa, kodwa linokwenza neengozi ezifihlakeleyo. Ukuxhomekeka okukodwa okuphelelwe lixesha okanye okungakhuselekanga kunokuveza ulwazi lwakho pipeline okanye imeko-bume yemveliso.
Kunjalo ngoba izixhobo zokujonga ukuxhomekeka zidlala indima ephambili kwiDevSecOps zanamhlanje. Zinceda abaphuhlisi bafumane, balandele, kwaye balungise ubuthathaka kwangethuba, zigcina isoftware ikhuselekile kwaye ithembekile. Sekunjalo, ukuskena okulula kokuxhomekeka akusanele. izixhobo zokubonisa ukuxhomekeka kwezicelo yongeza umxholo, ukubonakala, kunye nokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo. Azibonisi nje kuphela ukuba zeziphi izinto ozisebenzisayo kodwa nendlela ezidibana ngayo, indlela eziziphatha ngayo, kunye nokuba zeziphi ezinokusetyenziswa.
Kutheni Kubalulekile Ukujonga Izixhobo Zokuxhomekeka
Kwizila zanamhlanje CI/CD Ukuhamba komsebenzi, ukuxhomekeka okutsha kuvela phantse kuyo yonke into eyakhiweyo. Ezinye zinokuba nee-CVE ezaziwayo, useto olungakhuselekanga, okanye nekhowudi enobungozi. Ngenxa yoko, amaqela axhomekeke kwi izixhobo zokujonga ukuxhomekeka ukufumanisa nokulungisa iingxaki ngaphambi kokuba zikhutshwe.
Ezi zixhobo ziskena ii-manifest zeprojekthi, izikhongozeli, kwaye zakha iifayile. Emva koko zithelekisa izinto zakho kunye needathabheyisi zobuthathaka zikawonke-wonke ezifana ne Isiseko seNkcukacha seSizwe (NVD) kwaye I-OSV.devNgenxa yokuba oku kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo, abaphuhlisi banokugxila ekubhaleni iikhowudi endaweni yokuphonononga ngesandla.
Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo zokujonga ukuxhomekeka zibonisa kuphela iingxaki ezaziwayo. Ukuze kuqondwe nzulu, imibutho ngoku isebenzisa izixhobo zokubonisa ukuxhomekeka ezibonisa unxibelelwano phakathi kwezinto kwaye zibone iindlela zokwenyani zokuxhaphaza. Ngenxa yoko, amaqela atshintsha ukusuka ekuphekeni okusebenzayo ukuya ekukhuseleni okuqhubekayo.
Izixhobo zokujonga ukuxhomekeka 101
A ukujonga ukuxhomekeka Ihlalutya ukuxhomekeka kweprojekthi, ikhangela amathala eencwadi ahambelana nobuthathaka obaziwayo. Iqokelela i-metadata, efana namagama eephakheji kunye neenguqulelo, ize izithelekise needatha zoluntu. Le nkqubo ichonga isoftware endala okanye ebuthathaka ngaphambi kokuba ifikelele kwimveliso.
Indima yoHlolo lokuxhomekeka kwe-OWASP
Phakathi kwazo zonke iiskena, UHlobo lokuxhomekeka kwe-OWASP yenye izisombululo ezivulelekileyo ezaziwayoIfumanisa amathala eencwadi anee-CVE ezaziwayo, inike amanqaku obunzima (i-CVSS), kwaye idale iingxelo ukuze abaphuhlisi bathathe amanyathelo.
Ngenxa yokuba isimahla kwaye iqhutywa luluntu, ihlala iyindawo yokungena eluncedo kumaqela amaninzi ukuqala SCA (Uhlalutyo loBume beSoftware).
Nangona kunjalo, i-OWASP Dependency-Check inemida yayo. Igxila kuphela kubuthathaka obaziwayo kwaye ixhomekeke ekuhlaziyekeni kwesiseko sedatha. Ngaphezu koko, ayilinganisi ukusebenziseka okanye ukufikeleleka. Ngenxa yoko, abaphuhlisi kufuneka bagqibe ngesandla ukuba zeziphi iingozi ezibaluleke kakhulu.
Izixhobo zanamhlanje zokubonisa ukuxhomekeka zisombulula oku ngokongeza umxholo wexesha lokusebenza, ukuqikelela ukusetyenziswa, kunye nokulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo.
Ukusuka ekujongeni ukuxhomekeka ukuya kwimephu yokuxhomekeka
Iiskena zemveli ziphendula umbuzo omnye: "Zeziphi izinto ezixhomekeke kuzo ezisengozini?"
Nangona kunjalo, iiprojekthi zanamhlanje zifuna umxholo ongakumbi. Amaqela ngoku abuza oku: "Kusetyenziswa phi oku kuxhomekeka?", "Ingaba ikhowudi ebuthathaka inokufikeleleka?", yaye "Ingaba ichaphazela iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo?"
A isixhobo sokumakisha ukuxhomekeka Yakha igrafu epheleleyo yeelayibrari zakho kunye nendlela ezinxibelelana ngayo. Ilandelela ukuxhomekeka ngokuthe ngqo nokuguquguqukayo, ityhila indlela ubuthathaka obunye obunokusasazeka ngayo kwiinkonzo okanye kwiikhonteyina.
Oko Kunikezelwa Zizixhobo Zokwenza Imephu Yokuxhomekeka Kwanamhlanje
- Uhlalutyo lokufikeleleka: Chonga ukuba iindlela zekhowudi ezibuthathaka ziyasetyenziswa na.
- Amanqaku okuxhatshazwa: Hlanganisa ubukhali beCVSS kunye nedatha yobungakanani beEPSS.
- Umxholo weasethi: Bonisa ukuba zeziphi iinkonzo okanye usetyenziso oluxhomekeke kumngcipheko.
- Ukuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo: Yenza iitshekhi CI/CD pipelines ukuze ufumane impendulo ngexesha langempela.
- Inkxaso yokuthotyelwa: Qalisa SBOMkwaye uqinisekise iilayisenisi zomthombo ovulekileyo ngokuzenzekelayo.
Ke ngoko, imephu yokuxhomekeka iguqula iingxelo ezingaguqukiyo zibe bubulumko bokhuseleko obusebenzayo.
Izixhobo zokujonga ukuxhomekeka vs izixhobo zokubonisa ukuxhomekeka
Apha ngezantsi kukho uthelekiso olucacileyo phakathi kwezi ndlela zimbini:
| uphawu | Izixhobo zokujonga ukuxhomekeka | Izixhobo zoMephu yokuxhomekeka |
|---|---|---|
| Injongo | Fumanisa ubuthathaka obaziwayo. | Bonisa ubudlelwane bokuxhomekeka kunye nempembelelo. |
| Imithombo Yedata | I-NVD, i-OSV.dev. | Ii-NVD + OSV + ii-exploitable feeds (EPSS, KEV). |
| ubunzulu | Ukuskena iiprojekthi ngokungaguqukiyo. | Ukufikeleleka kwexesha lokusebenza kunye nomxholo weshishini. |
| into yokuZenzekelayo | Ukuskena ngesandla okanye okucwangcisiweyo. | Eqhubekayo CI/CD ukudityaniswa. |
| Ukukhutshwa | Ukulungiswa ngesandla. | izenzekele pull requests kunye nohlaziyo lwenguqulo ekhuselekileyo. |
| Ukubonakala | Ingqwalasela yeprojekthi enye. | Ukugubungela ngokupheleleyo uthungelwano lokubonelela. |
Ngenxa yoko, izixhobo zokujonga ukuxhomekeka ziseka isiseko esiqinileyo, ngelixa izixhobo zokubonisa ukuxhomekeka yongeza ukubonakala okuguquguqukayo, ukuzenzekela, kunye nokulungiselela kwangaphambilicision.
Indlela iXygeni Eyiphucula Ngayo Ukujonga Ukuxhomekeka
Izixhobo zokujonga ukuxhomekeka zenza isiseko esiqinileyo sokhuseleko. Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo zokubonisa ukuxhomekeka zongeza ukubonakala, ukuzenzekela, kunye nokulungiselela kwangaphambili.cisi-ion engenakubonelelwa ziiskeni ezilula.
Iskena sokuxhomekeka kwiXygeni ithatha eli nyathelo linye ukuya phambili. Idibanisa ukufunyanwa kolwazi kunye nomxholo wokwenyani, ukuzenzekela, kunye nemisebenzi yabaphuhlisi.
Endaweni yokuvelisa iingxelo ezingaguqukiyo, inika amaqela ukubonakala okubonakalayo kunye nokuqonda okucacileyo, okusebenzayo ukusuka kwikhowudi ukuya kwixesha lokusebenza.
Nakuba UHlobo lokuxhomekeka kwe-OWASP igxile ekufumaneni ubuthathaka obaziwayo, I-Xygeni yakha phezu koko standardYongeza ulwalamano, amanqaku okusetyenziswa, kunye nokulungiswa ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphakathi kwe-CI kunye ne-CD pipelines.
Ke ngoko, abaphuhlisi bachitha ixesha elincinci behlola izilumkiso kwaye bachitha ixesha elingakumbi behambisa ikhowudi ekhuselekileyo nezinzileyo.
Ukusuka ekuFunyanweni ukuya kwiDecision
I-Xygeni yenza okungaphezulu nje kokubona iingozi. Inceda amaqela ukuba agqibe ukuba yintoni ebaluleke ngokwenene.
Xa kuvela ubuthathaka obutsha, iskena sijonga ngoko nangoko:
- Apho ihlala khona: zeziphi iindawo zokugcina okanye ezakhayo ezisebenzisa ukuxhomekeka okuchaphazelekayo.
- Ukuba iyasebenza: ingaba indlela yekhowudi ebuthathaka iyasebenza na ngexesha lokusebenza.
- Indlela ebukhali ngayo: idibanisa idatha ye-CVSS, i-EPSS, kunye ne-KEV ukuze iqonde impembelelo yokwenyani.
- Okulandelayo: icebisa inguqulelo ekhuselekileyo, ipetshi, okanye utshintsho loqwalaselo.
Le nkqubo iguqula ukufunyanwa okucacileyo kube yindlela yokulungisa ekhokelwayo neqinisekileyo.
Ukuzenzekelayo Okugxile Kumphuhlisi
Ngokungafaniyo neeskena zemveli, iXygeni isebenza apho abaphuhlisi sele besebenza khona: ngaphakathi CI/CD pipelines, ii-GitHub Actions, okanye ii-IDE zazo.
Iskena yonke into pull request kwaye commit ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuvala ukudibana okungakhuselekanga kunye nokucebisa uhlaziyo olukhuselekileyo xa kuyimfuneko.
Izakhono eziphambili ziquka:
- Ukuskena okuqhubekayo: Ijonga zonke iindawo zokugcina ulwazi ngokukhawuleza nje xa kuvela iingcebiso ezintsha.
- Ukufikeleleka kunye nokuxhaphazeka: Ulungelelanisa iziphumo nedatha yexesha lokusebenza ukuze kuboniswe iingozi zokwenyani nezinokuxhaphazwa.
- Ukubeka phambili izinto ngobuchule: Uhlela ubuthathaka ngobunzima, ukufikelela lula, kunye nokubaluleka kweshishini.
- Ukulungiswa ngokuzenzekelayo: The I-Xygeni Bot ivula ikhuselekile pull requests, ivavanya uhlaziyo, ize iwadibanise xa sele iqinisekisiwe.
- SBOM kunye nokulandelela ilayisenisi: Uyila I-SPDX kwaye CycloneDX ixela kwaye iqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwelayisenisi ngokuzenzekelayo.
Ngenxa yolu hlobo lokuzenzekela, oko kwakuthatha iiyure ngoku kwenzeka kuhambo oluqhelekileyo lophuhliso.
Ngaphaya kokuSkena okuNgaguqukiyo
Iiskena zemveli ziyayeka xa zifunyanwa. I-Xygeni iqhubeka phambili ngokuguqula iziphumo zibe yinkqubela elinganisekayo.
Isilumkiso ngasinye siquka ukufikelela, ukusetyenziswa, kunye neenkcukacha zokulungisa. Oku kunika ukubonakala okupheleleyo ukusuka ekufumaneni ukuya kwisisombululo.
Yonke into ibhalwa phantsi ukuze ihlolwe, nto leyo enceda amaqela ukuba ahlangabezane nemigaqo efana nale I-NIS2, I-DORA, okanye I-SSDF.
Oku kubonakala kukwangqina ukuba ubuthathaka bufunyenwe, buhlolwe, kwaye bulungisiwe ngexesha.
Umzekelo: Imephu yokuxhomekeka isebenza
Khawuthelekelele iprojekthi yakho ibandakanya umbindi we-log4j kwiinkonzo ezininzi.
Uvavanyo olusisiseko lokuxhomekeka luya kuyiphawula ingxaki kodwa aluyi kuchaza impembelelo yayo.
kunye Imephu yokuxhomekeka kweXygeni, ungabona ngoko nangoko:
- Zeziphi iinkonzo ezisebenzisa ithala leencwadi.
- Ingaba udidi olubuthathaka lunokufikeleleka na.
- Yeyiphi inguqulelo ekhuselekileyo ukuyihlaziya.
Emva koko, i I-Xygeni Bot yenza ifayile ye- pull request, ivavanya ukulungiswa kwakho pipeline, kwaye ivala ingxaki xa sele idityanisiwe.
Le nkqubo inciphisa umsebenzi wezandla, ithintela ukulibaziseka, kwaye ithintela ukuxhomekeka okubuthathaka ukuba kungafikeleli kwimveliso.
Isizathu sokuba Kubalulekile
Ngokudibanisa ukujonga ukuxhomekeka, imephu, yaye ukulungiswa okuzenzekelayo, I-Xygeni iguqula i-AppSec ibe yinkqubo elula neqhubekayo.
Inceda amaqela ukuba abone kwangaphambili, abeke phambili izinto ngokukhawuleza, aze alungise ngokuzithemba, konke oku ngaphandle kokucothisa uphuhliso.
Ngamafutshane, iXygeni yenza ukhuseleko lokuxhomekeka luqhubeke, lucace, kwaye luzenzekele. Yeyona ndlela ikrelekrele yamaqela eDevSecOps yokukhusela isoftware yawo ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya ekukhutshweni kwayo.
Iingcinga Zokugqibela: Ukusuka Ekujongeni Ukuxhomekeka ukuya Ekumepheni Okuqhubekayo
Uphuhliso lwesoftware yanamhlanje luhamba ngokukhawuleza. Izixhobo zokujonga ukuxhomekeka zemveli ezifana ne-OWASP Dependency Check zisaluncedo, kodwa zibonisa kuphela oko kwaziwa ukuba kusengozini. Azichazi ukuba zeziphi iingozi ezibaluleke kakhulu okanye apho zifumaneka khona kwikhowudi yakho.
Yiyo loo nto amaqela ngoku esebenzisa izixhobo zokubonisa ukuxhomekeka kwizicelo. Ezi zixhobo zongeza umxholo kunye nokubonakala. Zibonisa ukuba zeziphi izinto ezisebenzayo, zeziphi izinto ezibuthathaka ezinokufikelelwa, kwaye zeziphi ezinokuchaphazela ulwakhiwo lwakho. Xa zombini ezi ndlela zisebenza kunye, abaphuhlisi bafumana ulawulo olupheleleyo kwaye banokulungisa ngokukhawuleza.
I-Xygeni idibanisa ezi ngcinga. Yakhelwe kumthombo ovulekileyo oqinisekisiweyo standards kwaye yongeza ukuzenzekela, ukujonga ukufikelela, kunye nokulungiswa okukhokelwayo. Ukhuseleko luba yinxalenye yomjikelo wophuhliso, kungekhona inyathelo elongezelelweyo elicothayo.
Ngamafutshane, fumana kwangethuba, uqonde ngokucacileyo ukuxhomekeka kwakho, kwaye ulungise iingxaki ngokuzenzekelayo. Leyo yindlela amaqela anamhlanje akhusela ngayo isoftware yawo ngeXygeni.
Malunga uMbhali
Ibhalwe ngu UFatima Said, Umphathi weNtengiso yoMxholo okhethekileyo kuKhuseleko lweZicelo e Ukhuseleko lweXygeni.
I-Fátima idala umxholo osekelwe kuphando olusebenziseka lula kubaphuhlisi kwi-AppSec, ASPMkunye neDevSecOps. Uguqulela iingcamango zobugcisa ezintsonkothileyo zibe ziingcamango ezicacileyo nezisebenzayo ezidibanisa uphuhliso lwe-cybersecurity kunye nefuthe leshishini.
