Faka izinto eziguquguqukayo kwimeko-bume kwinkqubo yokwakha yi standard ukuziqhelanisa kwimihla yanamhlanje CI/CD pipelines. Amaqela afaka izinto eziguquguqukayo kwimeko-bume kwinkqubo yokwakha ukuze adlulise iimfihlo, iithokheni, kunye noqwalaselo lwexesha lokusebenza kwizakhiwo ngaphandle kwamaxabiso e-hardcoding. Ngaphezulu, oku kubonakala ngathi yipateni elula nekhuselekileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ekusebenzeni, kudla ngokuba yenye yezona ngozi zingathathelwa ngqalelo kwikhonkco lobonelelo lwesoftware.
Kuba xa amaqela efaka izinto eziguquguqukayo kwimeko-bume kwinkqubo yokwakha, loo maxabiso ayeka ukwahlulwa. Afikeleleka kuyo yonke into esebenza ngaphakathi kuloo nto pipelineIzikripthi zokwakha, izixhobo ze-CLI, izenzo zomntu wesithathu, kwanokuxhomekeka kunokuzifunda.
Kulapho izinto ziqala khona ukonakala.
Kwesi sikhokelo, sihamba ngendlela amaqela afaka ngayo izinto eziguquguqukayo kwimeko-bume kwinkqubo yokwakha ngokwenene pipelines, apho ukuvuza kwenzeka khona ngokwenene, kunye nendlela yokukhusela inkqubo yokwakha ngaphandle kokucothisa uphuhliso.
Oko Kuthethwa Kukufaka Izinto Eziguquguqukayo Kwindalo Kwinkqubo Yokwakha
Eyona nto iphambili, ukufaka izinto eziguquguqukayo kwimeko-bume kuthetha ukudlulisa amaxabiso kwi pipeline ngexesha lokusebenza ukuze imisebenzi ikwazi ukufikelela kuzo ngexesha lokusebenza.
Ezi xabiso zihlala ziquka izitshixo ze-API, iziqinisekiso zedathabheyisi, iithokheni, okanye uqwalaselo oluthile lokusingqongileyo. Endaweni yokuzigcina ngqo kwikhowudi, CI/CD inkqubo izilayisha ngokuzenzekelayo xa ulwakhiwo luqala.
Oku kusombulula ingxaki yokwenyani. Kugcina ikhowudi icocekile, kuthintela ukuphindaphindwa, kwaye kuvumela okufanayo pipeline ukusebenza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokucwangcisa, zokuvavanya, kunye neemeko zemveliso.
Nangona kunjalo, le modeli ixhomekeke kwingcinga engasasebenziyo: yokuba imeko-bume yokwakha iyalawulwa kwaye iyaqikelelwa.
Modern pipelines azikho zombini. Ziquka amanyathelo amaninzi, ukuhlanganiswa kwangaphandle, kunye nokuxhomekeka okusebenzisa ikhowudi ngokuguquguqukayo. Ngenxa yoko, xa i-variable ifakiwe, ayisekho nje uqwalaselo. Iba yinxalenye yomxholo wokuphunyezwa.
Apho Izinto Eziguquguqukayo Zendalo Zivuza Kwinkqubo Yokwakha
Uninzi lokuvuza akwenzeki kuba umntu etyhila imfihlo ngokucacileyo. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba pipelineZiziphatha ngeendlela abaphuhlisi abangazilindelanga ngokupheleleyo.
Umzekelo, umphuhlisi angavumela ukuloga okubhaliweyo ukuze kulungiswe ulwakhiwo olungasebenziyo. Isixhobo se-CLI sinokuprinta ii-environment variables njengenxalenye yemveliso yaso. Ukuxhomekeka kunokufikelela kwii-process variables ngokuzolileyo njengenxalenye yokusebenza kwayo.
Akukho nanye kwezi zenzo ebonakala ikrokrisa ngokwayo. Nangona kunjalo, xa zidibene zenza iindlela ezininzi zokuvuza.
Iimfihlo zingaphelela apha:
- yakha iilog ezigcinwayo nezifakwe kwi-index
- iziphumo zokulungisa amaphutha ezabelwana ngazo kumaqela onke
- Izenzo ze-CI zomntu wesithathu ezisebenzisa ikhowudi yangaphandle
- ukuxhomekeka okusebenza ngexesha lokufakwa okanye ixesha lokusebenza
- izinto ezenziwe ngexesha lokwakhiwa
Xa imfihlo ivele kwiilog, ayihlali ifihliwe. Iilog ziyakotshwa, zigcinwe, kwaye zigcinwe kwiinkqubo ezininzi. Ngelo xesha, ukutyhileka kudlulela ngaphaya kweyokuqala. pipeline.
Yingakho ukuvuza okuguqukayo kwendalo kudla ngokufunyanwa kade, nasemva kokuba umonakalo sele wenziwe.
Kutheni Amaqela Efaka Izinto Eziguquguqukayo Kwindalo Kwinkqubo Yokwakha
Nangona kukho ezi ngozi, amaqela axhomekeke kakhulu ekufakweni kwezinto eziguquguqukayo kwindawo engqongileyo. Kwaye ngesizathu esivakalayo.
Iyenza pipelines ukuze uhlale uguquguqukayo. Umsebenzi omnye unokuziqhelanisa neendawo ezahlukeneyo, uqinisekise ngokuchasene neenkonzo ezininzi, kwaye utshintshe indlela yokuziphatha ngaphandle kokutshintsha ikhowudi.
Kwiindawo zeDevOps ezihamba ngokukhawuleza, olu hlengahlengiso lubalulekile. Nangona kunjalo, ukuguquguquka kuhlala kuza neenguqu. Okukhona i-dynamic itshintsha pipeline iba kokukhona kunzima ukulawula okwenzekayo ngaphakathi kuyo. Inyathelo ngalinye elongezelelweyo, ukuhlanganiswa, okanye ukuxhomekeka kwandisa inani leendawo apho idatha eyimfihlo inokufikelelwa khona.
Ngenxa yoko, i-environment variable injection itshintsha ukusuka kwinkcukacha yoqwalaselo ukuya kwinkxalabo yokhuseleko.
Iingozi Eziqhelekileyo Xa Ufaka Izinto Eziguquguqukayo Kwindalo Kwinkqubo Yokwakha
Iingozi azikho ngqiqweni. Zibonakala ngokwenene pipelineyonke imihla.
Iimfihlo ezivuza kwiingodo
Iilogs zezinye ze imithombo eqhelekileyo yokuchasanaIiflegi zokulungisa iimpazamo, izixhobo ze-CLI, kunye ne-stack traces zihlala zityhila amaxabiso abuthathaka ngaphandle kokuba abaphuhlisi baqaphele.
Nje ukuba ivezwe, loo maxabiso asasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukufikelela okuvunyelwe kakhulu
abaninzi pipelines iveza zonke izinto eziguquguqukayo kuyo yonke imisebenzi. Oku kudala umngcipheko ongeyomfuneko.
Ukuba inyathelo elinye liyachaphazeleka, linokufikelela kwiinkcukacha ezingazidingiyo ngokwenene.
Ukuxhomekeka kunye nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kwezenzo
Modern pipelinezixhomekeke kakhulu kwizixhobo zomntu wesithathu kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwazo. Ezi zixhobo zisebenza kwindawo efanayo neemfihlo zakho.
Ukuba omnye wabo uziphatha kakubi, unokufikelela kwiinguqu ezifakwe buthule.
Ngoku ka I-OWASP, uhlaselo lwe-supply chain ludla ngokusebenzisa izinto ezithembekileyo kwinkqubo yokwakha. Izinto eziguquguqukayo kwindawo ezihlala kuyo zihlala ziba yeyona nto ilula ukuyijolisa.
Iimfihlo zokubuyela umva kwikhowudi
Xa ukwakhiwa kungaphumeleli ngenxa yezinto eziguquguqukayo ezingekhoyo, amaqela ngamanye amaxesha ongeza amaxabiso okubuyela umva ukuze agcinwe pipelines ukubaleka.
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, la maxabiso afumana commititshixiwe okanye isasazwe, nto leyo edala ukuvezwa kwexesha elide.
Iindlela ezilungileyo zokufaka iinguqu zeNdalo kwiNkqubo yoKwakha ngokukhuselekileyo
| udidi | Olona qheliselo luhle | Isizathu sokuba Kubalulekile |
|---|---|---|
| Indawo yokugcina iimfihlo | Sebenzisa i-vault okanye umphathi weemfihlo ze-CI | Ithintela ukuvezwa kwikhowudi |
| Ulawulo lokufikelela | Nciphisa ukufikelela kumsebenzi ngamnye | Yehlisa indawo yokuhlasela |
| Ukungena | Amaxabiso abuthathaka emaski | Ithintela ukuvuza |
| Ububanzi kunye nobomi bonke | Sebenzisa iziqinisekiso zexesha elifutshane | Inciphisa umda we-blast radius |
| Ukuqinisekiswa | Ukwahluleka ukwakha ukuba izinto eziguquguqukayo azikho | Iphepha ukungaphumeleli okungalindelekanga |
Kutheni Baninzi CI/CD Izixhobo zoKhuseleko uMiss Env Var Leaks
Uninzi lwezixhobo zokhuseleko zigxila kwikhowudi yokuskena okanye ukuxhomekeka emva kokuba ukwakhiwa kugqityiwe.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuvuza okuguqukayo kwendalo kwenzeka ngexesha lokwenziwa.
A pipeline ingafaka iimfihlo ngokuchanekileyo kwaye isaziveza ngeelog okanye ngendlela yokusebenza kwexesha lokusebenza. Ngexesha iskena sifumanisa ingxaki, imfihlo isenokuba sele isengozini.
Oku kudala umsantsa phakathi kokubhaqwa kunye nokuthintela.
Amaqela afuna ulawulo olusebenzayo ngelixa pipeline iyabaleka, hayi emva kokuba igqityiwe.
Indlela Esicebisa Ngayo Ukukhusela I-Environment Variable Injection
Enyanisweni, ukhuseleko olusebenzayo luxhomekeke kwimigaqo embalwa engaguquguqukiyo.
Gcina iimfihlo ngaphandle pipeline. Zifake kuphela ngexesha lokusebenza. Nciphisa ukufikelela kwindawo encinci efunekayo. Sebenzisa iziqinisekiso zexesha elifutshane nanini na kunokwenzeka.
Kwangaxeshanye, jonga indlela pipelineamaxabiso abuthathaka okufikelela. Iipateni zokufikelela ezingalindelekanga zihlala zibonisa umngcipheko ngaphambi kokuba kubonakale ukuvuza.
Le ndlela itshintsha ukhuseleko ukusuka ekufumaneni okusebenzayo ukuya kulawulo olusebenzayo.
Indlela iXygeni enceda ngayo ekukhuseleni CI/CD Inaliti Eyimfihlo
Endaweni yokuxhomekeka kuphela ekuskeni emva kokwakhiwa, iXygeni ihlalutya indlela pipelineSebenzisa izinto eziguquguqukayo zendalo njengoko zisebenza. Oku kuquka indlela iimfihlo ezihamba ngayo kwimisebenzi, indlela amanyathelo okwakha afikelela ngayo kuzo, kunye nendlela ukuxhomekeka okunxibelelana ngayo nendawo yokusebenza.
Umzekelo, iXygeni inokubona xa pipeline iveza izinto eziguquguqukayo ngokubanzi kakhulu, xa inyathelo libeka emngciphekweni ukuprinta amaxabiso abuthathaka kwiilog, okanye xa umntu oxhomekeke kuye ezama ukufikelela kwiinkcukacha ngokungalindelekanga.
Ngaxeshanye, guardrails ukunyanzelisa umgaqo-nkqubo ngokuthe ngqo kwi pipelineAmaqela anokuthintela izakhiwo ezingakhuselekanga, athintele ukufikelela ngokufihlakeleyo kwimisebenzi ethile, kwaye athintele uqwalaselo olunobungozi ngaphambi kokuba lufikelele kwimveliso.
Ngenxa yokuba oku kwenzeka ngaphakathi CI/CD indlela yokusebenza, abaphuhlisi akufuneki batshintshe indlela abasebenza ngayo. Ukhuseleko luba yinxalenye pipeline, asilonyathelo elahlukileyo.
Ngenxa yoko, amaqela afumana ulwazi ngendlela esetyenziswa ngayo iimfihlo, alawula indlela ezivezwa ngayo, aze anciphise umngcipheko wokuvuza ngaphandle kokucothisa ukuhanjiswa kwazo.
Iingcinga Final
Nangona kunjalo, ikwazisa ungqimba lomngcipheko oluhlala lungabonakali.
Umceli mngeni asikokuba kusetyenziswe izinto eziguquguqukayo kwimeko-bume, kodwa yindlela yokulawula ukubonakaliswa kwazo ngexesha lokwenziwa.
Kwiindawo zanamhlanje zeDevOps, ukuthintela ukuvuza ngexesha lenkqubo yokwakha kubaluleke kakhulu kunokukufumanisa emva koko.
