npm ukhuseleko yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yophuhliso lwesoftware yanamhlanje. Ngabaphuhlisi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezili-17 kwihlabathi liphela usebenzisa npm ukuya fakela kwaye ulawule umthombo ovulekileyo iiphakheji, ngoku luseko lweprojekthi zeJavaScript kunye neNode.js. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthandwa kwayo kuyenza ibe yindawo ephambili yabadlali abanobungozi. Ukuxhomekeka okungajongwanga, iimodyuli eziphelelwe lixesha, kunye neepakeji ezinetyhefu zonke zinokuzisa iingozi ezinkulu kwi-codebase yakho. Kule khokelo, siza kuphendula imibuzo eqhelekileyo malunga npm ukhuseleko, ukusuka kwindlela ukuya fakela kwaye sihlaziye iipakeji ngokukhuselekileyo ukuze siqonde iingxelo zobuthathaka. Siza kwabelana ngeenkcukacha-manani zokwenyani ezibonisa isizathu sokuba abaphuhlisi kunye nemibutho kufuneka bathathe amanyathelo asebenzayo ukukhusela iiprojekthi zabo.
📊 Ukhuseleko lweNpm ngamanani
Masiyibeke loo nto kwindawo ecacileyo. Ubungakanani be-npm buthetha ukuba nokuba ukungahoywa okuncinci kunokuba nemiphumo emikhulu. Ezi zibalo zigxininisa isizathu npm ukhuseleko kufuneka ube yinxalenye yomsebenzi wakho wophuhliso lwemihla ngemihla:
- Abaphuhlisi abazizigidi ezili-17 kwihlabathi liphela sebenzisa i-npm ukulawula ukuxhomekeka kunye nekhowudi yokwabelana.
- Iyaphatha izigidigidi zokukhuphela veki nganye, ukunika amandla iJavaScript, iNode.js, kunye nezikhokelo zanamhlanje.
- 40,009 ubuthathaka yatyhilwa ngo-2024, 38% ukwanda ngaphezulu kowama-2023, kuquka 231 CVSS 10.0 iziphene zobunzima.
- Iirejista zemithombo evulekileyo ezifana ne-NPM badla ngokuxhatshazwa ibamba iipakethe ezinobuthi kujoliswe kwiindawo zophuhliso kunye CI/CD pipelines.
- Ukufunyanwa kweMalware yeXygeni kwangethuba ichongiwe kwaye ivaliwe Iiphakheji ezili-1,945 ezinobungozi ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuJulayi 2025, ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa okunokwenzeka kweenkqubo zokubonelela ngeenkonzo.
- 5 Amagunya e-CVE kubalwe phantse Ama-44% azo zonke iziphene zika-2024, ebonisa impembelelo ebalulekileyo yeeprojekthi ezinkulu zemithombo evulekileyo kumngcipheko wokhuseleko lwehlabathi.
Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo malunga nokhuseleko lwe-Npm
- Yintoni i-npm?
- Yintoni isifinyezo se-npm?
- Ngubani umnini wenkampani ye-npm?
- Yintoni ukhuseleko lwe-npm?
- Isetyenziselwa ntoni i-npm?
- Zithini iipakeji ze-npm?
- Indlela yokufaka i-npm
- Ungayikhupha njani i-npm
- Ungayihlaziya njani i-npm
- Ungayihlaziya njani iphakheji ye-npm
- Yintoni i-npm ci
- Ithetha ukuthini ikhowudi yempazamo ye-npm ENOENT
- Kuthetha ukuthini ukuthi "impazamo ye-npm ayikwazanga ukumisela ukuba isebenze"?
- Ngaba iipakeji ze-npm zikhuselekile?
Yintoni i-npm?
Ngomgqibelo (Umphathi wePakeji yeNode) ngumphathi wephakheji omiselweyo weNode.js, osetyenziselwa ukufaka, ukwabelana, kunye nokulawula ikhowudi yeJavaScript. Isebenza njengesixhobo somgca womyalelo kunye nerejista enkulu kawonke-wonke, npmjs.com, ibamba izigidi zeepakeji. Ngezigidigidi zee-downloads zenyanga, i-npm sesinye sezona zixhobo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kuphuhliso lweJavaScript kunye neTypeScript yanamhlanje.
Yintoni isifinyezo se-npm?
Isichazi npm imele i Umphathi wePakeji yeNodeYaqala njengesixhobo esilula sokufaka nokwabelana ngekhowudi yeJavaScript yeNode.js, kwaye nangona iimpawu zayo zikhulile, igama layo lihlala lifana.
Ngubani umnini wenkampani ye-npm?
IGitHub ithengwe npm, Inc. ngo-2020, kwaye Microsoft ngumnikazi weGitHub. Olu tshintsho lwenze irejista yazinza ngakumbi, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kwaye ikhuselekile. Ukusukela ngoko, iGitHub iqhagamshele iinkqubo ze-npm ngokusondeleyo nezayo, yongeza izixhobo zokushicilela ezingcono kunye nemithetho yokhuseleko eqinileyo.
Yintoni ukhuseleko lwaseNpm?
Ukhuseleko lwe-Npm lubhekisa kwiseti yeendlela zokusebenza kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukukhusela usetyenziso kwiingozi kwi-npm ecosystem. Ngenxa yokuba nabani na angapapasha kwirejista kawonke-wonke, abahlaseli balayishe ngempumelelo iipakethe ezinobungozi eziqulethe iingcango zangasemva, abaphangi bedatha, kunye nabavukuzi be-crypto. Abanye babeka emngciphekweni abagcini abathembekileyo ukuze bathumele uhlaziyo oluyingozi, ngelixa ukuxhomekeka okudala kunokushiya ubuthathaka obaziwayo bungalungiswanga.
Ukugcina ukhuseleko lwe-npm, abaphuhlisi kufuneka:
- Qinisekisa abagcini kunye nokuthembeka kwephakheji.
- Phina iinguqulelo zephakheji ukuze uphephe utshintsho olungafunekiyo.
- Sebenzisa iskena sokhuseleko ngaphambi kokuba usisebenzise.
- Qhubeka ubeka iliso kuxhomekeko kwi CI/CD usebenza.
I-Xygeni idibanisa la manyathelo ngqo kwinkqubo yakho yophuhliso. Iskena yonke into exhomekeke kwi-npm, kuquka nezo ziguqukayo, ukuze ifumane ubuthathaka obaziwayo, ikhowudi enobungozi, kunye notshintsho olungathandabuzekiyo. Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuJulayi 2025 kuphela, i-Early Malware Detection yethu ivaliwe Iiphakheji ezili-1,900 ezinobungozi ngaphambi kokuba zibe nefuthe kwiinkqubo zemveliso.
Indlela yokufaka i-npm
I-Npm iza neNode.js, ngoko ke indlela ekhuselekileyo yokuyifaka kukukhuphela usasazo olusemthethweni lweNode.js kwi nodejs.orgOku kuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana i-binary ethembekileyo nesayiniweyo yenkqubo yakho yokusebenza. Ungasebenzisa kwakhona abaphathi beepakeji abanjengo Homebrew kwi-macOS okanye Chocolatey kwiWindows, kodwa qiniseka ukuba bakhupha ngqo kwimithombo esemthethweni.
Ukusuka kwi-CLI, itshekhi ekhawulezileyo:
Iingcebiso eziphathelele iqonga:
- iMacOS: Faka kwigosa elisemthethweni
.pkgumfaki okanye ngebrew install node, ukuqinisekisa utyikityo apho kunokwenzeka. - Windows: Sebenzisa i-Node.js MSI installer evela kwisiza esisemthethweni kwaye uphephe izibuko zomntu wesithathu.
- I-Linux: Sebenzisa umphathi wephakheji ye-distro yakho okanye i-Node Version Manager (nvm) ukugcina iinguqulelo zihambelana.
Ikhonkco lokhuseleko: Kutheni ukhuseleko lokufakelwa kwe-npm lubalulekile
Xa ubaleka npm install, ulanda iphakheji oyifunayo kunye nazo zonke izinto ezixhomekeke kuyo, ngamanye amaxesha kubagcini abaninzi abahlukeneyo. Oku kuvula indawo enkulu yokuhlasela kuba ukuxhomekeka okungathanga ngqo kunokufihla ikhowudi enobungozi.
Ukufakela ngokukhuselekileyo akupheleli nje apho ufumana khona i-npm, kukwamalunga nendlela olawula ngayo iipakeji emva koko. Skena ukuxhomekeka ngexesha lokufaka, ngcono ngesixhobo esakhelwe kwi-CLI yakho okanye CI/CD, ukuze ubambe ubuthathaka obaziwayo, iimpawu ze-malware, kunye notshintsho olungathandabuzekiyo ngaphambi kokuba lufikelele kwi-codebase yakho. Umzekelo, I-Xygeni ihlola yonke into exhomekeke kuyo, kuquka nezo ziguqukayo, kwangoko nje ukuba uzifake. Iphawula iipakethe ezinobungozi okanye ezibuthathaka ngexesha langempela, ukuze zingaze zifike kwimveliso.
Ungayihlaziya njani i-npm
Ukugcina i-npm ihlaziyiwe kubalulekile ekusebenzeni nasekukhuselekeni. Iinguqulelo eziphelelwe lixesha zinokukushiya utyhilekile kwiingxaki ezingalungiswanga kwi-CLI ngokwayo okanye kwiilayibrari ezihlanganisiweyo. Ukujonga inguqulelo yakho yangoku:
Ukuba ufake iNode.js ngewebhusayithi esemthethweni, ungahlala uhlaziya i-npm nge:
Xa usebenzisa iNode Version Manager (nvm), hlaziya iNode.js ukuze ufumane i-npm yamva nje:
Amanqaku aphathelele iqonga:
- macOS/Linux: ukusebenzisa
nvmokanye umphathi wephakheji yakho ukuze uphephe iingxabano zenguqulelo. - Windows: Hlaziya ngesifaki esisemthethweni seNode.js okanye
npm-windows-upgrade.
Ikhonkco lokhuseleko: Kutheni uhlaziyo lwe-npm luyindlela engcono yokhuseleko
Yonke into ekhutshwayo kwi-npm ingabandakanya ukulungiswa kobuthathaka be-npm okanye ukuqina ngokuchasene neevektha ezintsha zohlaselo. Ukusebenzisa iklayenti ye-npm endala kunokuvumela abahlaseli ukuba basebenzise iibugs ezaziwayo kwi-package manager ngokwayo, kuquka imiba kwindlela ephatha ngayo isisombululo sokuxhomekeka okanye ukuqhuba izikripthi.
Ngokudibanisa i-npm security scanning kwinkqubo yakho yokuhlaziya, unokuqinisekisa ukuba ayisiyo-CLI kuphela ekhuselekileyo kodwa kwaneepakeji zakho ezikhoyo zijongwa kwakhona ukuba azinazo na iingxaki emva kohlaziyo. I-Xygeni ingenza oku kube ngokuzenzekelayo ngokuskena wonke umthi wakho wokuxhomekeka kwangoko emva kohlaziyo, ibeke uphawu kuyo nayiphi na imingcipheko eyaziwayo okanye utshintsho olungathandabuzekiyo ukuze uqale kwisiseko esicocekileyo nesikhuselekileyo.
Zithini iipakeji ze-npm?
Iphakheji ye-npm sisiqwenga esingasetyenziswa kwakhona sekhowudi yeJavaScript okanye yeTypeScript onokuyifaka kwiprojekthi yakho ngomyalelo omnye. Iiphakheji ziqala kwimisebenzi emincinci ye-utility ukuya kwizakhelo ezipheleleyo ezifana neReact. Iphakheji nganye inokuxhomekeka kwezinye iiphakheji, ezifakelwa yi-npm ngokuzenzekelayo.
Ufakelo oluqhelekileyo lubonakala ngolu hlobo:
Oku kuya kulanda lodash kunye nazo zonke izinto ezixhomekeke kuzo kwirejista kawonke-wonke kwi-npmjs.com.
Ikhonkco lokhuseleko: Kutheni iipakethe zinokuba yingozi
Ngelixa iipakeji ze-npm zikhawulezisa uphuhliso, zikwakhulisa indawo yakho yokuhlasela. Ngenxa yokuba nabani na angapapasha kwi-npm, abahlaseli balayishe iipakeji ezinobubi ezinemithwalo efihliweyo, iingcango zangasemva, okanye abavukuzi be-crypto. Kwaneelayibrari ezidumileyo nezithembekileyo ziye zachaphazeleka emva kokuba iakhawunti yomlondolozi yenziwe. uqunjelwe.
Enye ingxaki exhaphakileyo yile ukudideka kokuxhomekeka, apho iphakheji enobungozi enegama elifanayo neyangaphakathi ipapashwa esidlangalaleni ize ifakwe ngempazamo.
Ukuskena kokhuseleko lwe-npm okusebenzayo kukunceda ukuba ubambe ezi zisongelo ngaphambi kokuba zifikelele kwimveliso. I-Xygeni ijonga zombini ukuxhomekeka ngokuthe ngqo kunye nokuguquguquka, ukuskena ubuthathaka obaziwayo, utshintsho lwekhowudi olungathandabuzekiyo, kunye nemiba yokuthembeka kwephakheji ngexesha lokufakwa kunye nakwi- CI/CDNgale ndlela, ungongeza iipakeji ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokufaka ubuthathaka be-npm obubeka inkqubo yakho emngciphekweni.
Ungayikhupha njani i-npm
Ukuba ufuna ukuyisusa i-npm ngokwayo, inkqubo ixhomekeke kwindlela efakwe ngayo. Kwi-macOS okanye kwi-Linux, ungayisusa nge-package manager yakho (umz., i-brew uninstall node iya kususa i-npm, kuba iza ihlanganiswe ne-Node.js). Kwi-Windows, ungayisusa i-Node.js kwi-Control Panel, esusa ne-npm.
Uninzi lwexesha, nangona kunjalo, abaphuhlisi abayikhuphi ngokupheleleyo i-npm, bakhupha iipakeji ezithile besebenzisa:
Okanye, ukuba kuxhomekeke kuphuhliso:
Ikhonkco lokhuseleko: Ukususa njengenxalenye yempendulo yesiganeko
Ngamanye amaxesha, ukususa iphakheji kungaphezulu nje kokucoca — yinxalenye yokuphendula kwisiganeko sokhuseleko. Ukuba ufake iphakheji kamva yafunyaniswa ukuba inobuthi okanye ineengxaki ezinkulu, ukuyisusa ngoko nangoko kunceda ukunciphisa umonakalo.
I-Xygeni ikhawulezisa oku ngokubona iipakeji ezinobungozi kwangethuba, ibonisa ukuba zeziphi iifayile kunye nokuxhomekeka ezikutshintshayo, kwaye ijonge ukuba ubuthathaka bunokusetyenziswa na kwikhowudi yakho. Oku kukunceda ukuba uthathe isigqibo ngokukhawuleza sokuba uyisuse na ipakeji, uyihlaziye ibe yinguqulelo ekhuselekileyo, okanye uyivale. CI/CD.
Yintoni i-npm ci
The npm ci umyalelo wenzelwe ukufakwa okucocekileyo nokuzimiselayo. Endaweni yokufunda iinguqulelo zephakheji ezivela package.json kwaye mhlawumbi ifumana ukukhutshwa okutsha okuhambelanayo, ifaka kanye oko kudweliswe kwi package-lock.jsonOku kuthetha ukuba ukufakelwa ngakunye kuyafana, nokuba kusebenza nini okanye phi.
Ngokwembono yomphuhlisi, npm ci ikhawuleza kune npm install kwiindawo zokudibanisa eziqhubekayo kuba zitsiba amanyathelo athile okusombulula ukuxhomekeka. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, ngokwembono yokhuseleko, ithintela utshintsho lokuxhomekeka olungaqinisekiswanga ukuba lungene kwisakhiwo sakho.
Ikhonkco lokhuseleko: Kutheni npm ci imiba yokhuseleko lwekhonkco lokubonelela
I-npm ci ilandela ngokungqongqo ifayile yokutshixa, ngoko ke yehlisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa kwe-supply chain njengokudideka kokuxhomekeka okanye ukukhutshwa kwe-patch enobungozi. Ikunika iinguqulelo ezichanekileyo zokuxhomekeka ozivavanyileyo okokugqibela, nto leyo enceda ekuthinteleni ubuthathaka obungalindelekanga ukuba buvele ngexesha lokufakwa.
NgeXygeni, ungongeza olunye ungqimba lokhuseleko ngokuskena yonke into exhomekeke kuyo, kuquka nezo zivaliweyo, ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwe-CI. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba nokuba ifayile yakho yokutshixa icocekile namhlanje, usaza kubamba ubuthathaka obutsha obutyhiliweyo okanye i-malware efihliweyo ngaphambi kokuba usetyenziso lwakho luthunyelwe.
Ithetha ukuthini ikhowudi yempazamo ye-npm ENOENT
The npm error code ENOENT ngesiqhelo kuthetha ukuba ifayile okanye uludwe olulindelweyo ngo-npm alufumanekanga. Izizathu eziqhelekileyo ziquka iindlela zefayile ezingalunganga, izikripthi ezingekhoyo kwi package.json, okanye ukuxhomekeka akufakelwanga ngokuchanekileyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, le yingxaki elula yoqwalaselo okanye imeko-bume.
Ikhonkco lokhuseleko: Xa i-ENOENT isenokuba ngaphezu kokubhala impazamo
Uninzi lweempazamo ze-ENOENT azinabungozi, kodwa iipakethe ze-npm ezinobungozi zisenokutshintsha okanye zisuse iifayile ngabom. Abahlaseli banokutshintsha izikripthi zokufaka zomxhomekeki ukuze baphule iindlela zokuphumeza, baqondise kwakhona ukungeniswa, okanye bafake imithwalo enobungozi ngexesha lokuzama ukufaka kwakhona.
Soloko uphanda iimpazamo ze-ENOENT ezingalindelekanga, ingakumbi emva kokongeza okanye ukuhlaziya ukuxhomekeka. Xa udibanisa i-Xygeni kumsebenzi wakho, ihlola zonke izixhomekeko ukuze ifumane ubuthathaka obaziwayo, utshintsho olubi, kunye nezikripthi zokufaka ezisolisayo ngaphambi kokuba zifike kwindawo okuyo. Oku kunciphisa amathuba okuba impazamo ye-ENOENT ifihle ubuthathaka obunzulu be-npm.
Kuthetha ukuthini ukuthi "impazamo ye-npm ayikwazanga ukumisela ukuba isebenze"?
Le mpazamo ivela xa i-npm ingakwazi ukufumana ukuba yeyiphi i-binary okanye iskripthi ekufuneka sisebenze kumyalelo onikiweyo. Ihlala isenzeka ukuba package.json ilahlekile bin or scripts ukungena, okanye ukuba ukuxhomekeka kufakwe ngendlela engafanelekanga. Typos kumagama omyalelo, ukungabikho kwezakhiwo, okanye iingxaki zendlela ethile kwiqonga nazo zinokubangela oko.
Ukususela kwi npm ukhuseleko imbono, phatha le mpazamo njengeflegi ebomvu ukuba ivele ngequbuliso, ingakumbi emva kokuba ufake iipakeji ezintsha. Ezinye iipakeji ze-npm ezinobungozi zitshintsha ngabom iindlela zokuphumeza okanye zitshintshe ii-binary ukuze zisebenzise imiyalelo yokuyithimba. Xa oko kusenzeka, kunokubonisa ubuthathaka be-npm okanye nokuba luhlaselo olusebenzayo lwe-supply chain.
Ungawunciphisa lo mngcipheko ngokuthi:
- Ukufaka iipakeji ezivela kwimithombo ethembekileyo kunye nabagcini kuphela.
- Ubaleko
npm auditkunye nokuphonononga imiba ephawulweyo ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke. - Ukutshixa iinguqulelo zokuxhomekeka ngefayile yokutshixa ukuze kuthintelwe ukutsala uhlaziyo olungaqinisekiswanga.
- Benzisa i CI/CD pipeline kunye nokuskena kokhuseleko okuvuliweyo.
Kwindlela yokusebenza yophuhliso ekhuselekileyo, isixhobo esifana I-Xygeni Iskena ukuxhomekeka ngexesha langempela kwaye iphawula utshintsho olungathandabuzekiyo lwefayile olunokwaphula iindlela zokuphunyezwa. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iimpazamo ezinje zibangelwa kukungalungelelani kokwenyani, kungekhona ukuphazamisana okunobungozi.
Ungayihlaziya njani iphakheji ye-npm
Ukuhlaziya iipakeji ze-npm kugcina iprojekthi yakho ihambelana neempawu zamva nje, kwaye okubaluleke ngakumbi, kuvala ubuthathaka obaziwayo. Iipakeji eziphelelwe lixesha zezinye zezona mithombo zixhaphakileyo ubuthathaka be-npm kuba abahlaseli badla ngokusebenzisa iimpazamo zokhuseleko ezingalungiswanga kwiinguqulelo ezindala.
Ungahlaziya iphakheji enye ngokusebenza:
Okanye, ukuze uphucule uye kwinguqulelo enkulu yamva nje, unokufuna
Ukusuka kwimbono yokhuseleko lwe-npm, kufuneka uhlaziye ngononophelo. Ukuhlaziya yonke into ngaphandle kokujonga kunokwaphula ikhowudi yakho okanye kongeze ukuxhomekeka okungakhuselekanga. Rhoqo:
- Hlaziya i-changelog ukuze ufumane izilungiso zokhuseleko.
- ukusebenzisa
npm auditukuqinisekisa ukuba iingxaki ziyasonjululwa. - Jonga imisebenzi yomgcini kunye nemiqondiso yokuthembana koluntu.
- Hlaziya ifayile yakho yokutshixa ukuqinisekisa ukufakwa okufanayo kuzo zonke iindawo.
In CI/CD pipelines, ukuskena ukhuseleko okuzenzakalelayo kuqinisekisa ukuba uhlaziyo lwenza iprojekthi yakho ikhuseleke ngokwenene. I-Xygeni idlula nje ekuboniseni iipakeji ezindala, ijonga ukuba ubuthathaka kwinguqulelo yakho yangoku bunokusetyenziswa na kwikhowudi yakho kwaye ikulumkise ukuba inguqulelo entsha izisa iingozi ezintsha. Ngale ndlela, ukhetha uhlaziyo olukhuselekileyo endaweni yokuqikelela.
Ngaba iipakeji ze-npm zikhuselekile?
Impendulo ethembekileyo yile hayi rhoqo. Neepakethe ze-npm ezidumileyo zinokonakaliswa ngokuchwetheza amagama, abagcini beenkqubo ezinobungozi, okanye ukuthathwa kweeakhawunti. Ngowama-2024 kuphela, amaqela okhuseleko aphawule amakhulu eepakethe. ubuthathaka be-npm kwiipakethe ezinamawaka ee-downloads zeveki nganye. Ezinye zazine-crypto miners ezifihliweyo kwizikripthi emva kokufakwa, ezinye zazithumela ii-credential steals ezisongelwe kwikhowudi efihlakeleyo.
Njengomphuhlisi, ungenza iipakeji ze-npm zikhuseleke ngokudibanisa imikhwa emihle nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo:
- Jonga umthombo: Qinisekisa ubuwena bomgcini kunye nomsebenzi we-repository.
- Hlaziya utshintsho lwamva nje: Jonga i-changelog kwaye commit imbali ngaphambi kokuphucula.
- Iinguqulelo zePinSebenzisa iifayile zokutshixa ukuze uphephe uhlaziyo olungalindelekanga lokuxhomekeka.
- Skena ngokuqhubekayo: Musa ukujonga nje ukufakwa; skena ngexesha lokwakha ngakunye.
NgeXygeni, le nkqubo iyazisebenzela ngokwayo kwaye ithembeke ngakumbi:
- Ukuskena okwenyani Ngexesha
npm installnangaphakathi CI/CD pipelines ukuze kubanjwe ubuthathaka obaziwayo kunye nekhowudi enobungozi ngaphambi kokuba ifikelele kwimveliso. - Uhlalutyo lokufikelela ukufumanisa ukuba indlela yekhowudi esengozini iyasebenza na kwisicelo sakho.
- Ukufunyanwa kweMalware ephawula iipatheni zekhowudi ezirhanelekayo, nokuba zikwimeko yokuxhomekeka okuguquguqukayo.
- Ukulungiswa okuzenzekelayo ukuphucula ngokukhuselekileyo okanye ukulungisa ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ulwakhiwo lwakho.
Ngamafutshane, iXygeni iguqula ukhuseleko lwephakheji ye-npm ukusuka kumsebenzi wesandla ukuya kukhuseleko oluzenzekelayo nolusebenzayo, ukuze ukwazi ukugxila kwiimpawu zokuthumela ngaphandle kokushiya izoyikiso ezifihlakeleyo kwikhonkco lakho lokubonelela.
Isetyenziselwa ntoni i-npm?
I-Npm (uMphathi weePakeji zeNode) ngumqolo wophuhliso lweJavaScript yanamhlanje. Iqhelekile faka, lawula, kwaye wabelane ngeepakeji zekhowudi ezinokusetyenziswa kwakhona ngoko ke abaphuhlisi akufuneki baphinde bayile indlela eqhelekileyo yokusebenza. Nokuba useta i-app yeReact, wongeza ilayibrari yomhla, okanye utsala izixhobo zokwakha ezifana neWebpack, i-npm idla ngokuba yindawo yakho yokuqala.
I-Npm ayisiyonto nje yomphuhlisi. Idlala i- indima ephambili kwikhonkco lokubonelela ngesoftware kwizigidi zeeprojekthi. Ukuba abahlaseli bayayithintela, umonakalo ungasasazeka uye kwizicelo ezingenakubalwa. Ngenxa yoku, abenzi bobubi badla ngokujolisa kwi-npm kuhlaselo lwe-supply chain.
Ukusebenzisa i-npm ngokukhuselekileyo, akwanelanga ukuqhuba nje npm install kwaye ndinethemba lokona kulungileyo:
- Qinisekisa ubunyani bephakheji phambi kokufaka.
- Ukuxhomekeka kuphicotho-zincwadi ngenxa yobuthathaka obaziwayo.
- Nciphisa umngcipheko ngokususa iipakethe ezingasetyenziswanga.
I-Xygeni yakha ezi zikhuselo ngqo kumsebenzi wakho wokusebenza. Iskena yonke iphakheji ye-npm, kuquka nezo ziguqukayo, ngexesha lokufakwa kunye CI/CD yakha, ibona iipateni ezinobungozi, kwaye ibeka phambili ubuthathaka obusekelwe ekusetyenzisweni. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iipakethe ozisebenzisayo kuphuhliso lwemihla ngemihla azizisi ngokuthe cwaka iingozi ezinkulu kwi-codebase yakho.
