Fahimtar Taɓar da Lambobi da Tasirinsu a Kan su Software Supply Chain Security

Duk da haka, sarkar samar da manhajoji ta zama abin da masu aikata laifukan yanar gizo ke nema don yin kutse cikin manhaja da kuma kawo cikas ga tsaronta. Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da masu kai hari ke amfani da su don cimma wannan shine yin kutse cikin lambar kwamfuta, wanda shine tsarin gyara lambar tushe ta manhaja don gabatar da rauni ko halayyar mugunta.

A cikin wannan rubutun, za mu binciki manufar yin kutse a lambar da kuma yadda zai iya shafar tsarin samar da software. Za mu kuma tattauna wasu matakai da za a iya ɗauka don kare tsarin samar da software daga yin kutse a lambar da kuma tabbatar da cewa manhajar da aka kawo tana da aminci kuma abin dogaro.

Menene kutse cikin lambar?

Kutse lambar wata dabara ce da masu hari ke amfani da ita don gyara lambar tushe ta software da nufin gabatar da rauni ko ɗabi'ar mugunta. Masu kai hari za su iya gyara lambar tushe a lokacin haɓaka ko bayan an isar da software ga masu amfani. Manufar kutse lambar na iya zama satar bayanai, yin hare-haren hana aiki, ko kuma kwace iko da tsarin.

Kutse lambar hanya ce mai inganci ga masu kai hari domin tana ba su damar guje wa matakan tsaro da aka aiwatar a cikin manhajar. Ana iya gyara manhajar don guje wa gano barazana ko kuma don sadarwa da sabar masu cutarwa ba tare da sanin masu amfani ba. Kutse lambar na iya faruwa ne ta hanyar maharin ciki ko na waje, ma'ana duk wanda ke da damar shiga lambar tushen manhajar zai iya yin hakan.

Yadda ɓarnar lambar ke shafar sarkar samar da software

Kutse lambar barazana ce ga tsarin samar da software domin yana iya kawo cikas ga tsaro da amincin software ɗin da aka bai wa masu amfani. Kutse lambar na iya faruwa a kowane mataki na tsarin samar da kayayyaki, tun daga haɓakawa zuwa rarrabawa da kuma ƙarshen amfani da software ɗin. Lokacin da aka gyara software ɗin ta hanyar mugunta, masu amfani na iya fuskantar haɗarin tsaro kamar zubar bayanai ko satar bayanan sirri.

Kutse cikin lambobi na iya shafar suna ga kamfanonin da ke isar da software ga masu amfani da shi. Keta dokokin tsaro na iya zama mai tsada sosai da kuma illa ga kamfanoni, domin suna iya rasa amincewar masu amfani da su da kuma fuskantar asarar kuɗi mai yawa.

Yadda ake kare sarkar samar da software daga ɓarnar lambar

Domin kare sarkar samar da software daga ɓarnar lambar, ya zama dole aiwatar da ingantattun matakan tsaro a dukkan matakai na aikin. Waɗannan su ne wasu daga cikin matakan da za a iya ɗauka don kare sarkar samar da software daga ɓarnar lambar:

1. 1. Aiwatar da matakan tsaro a fannin haɓaka software
      
      Aiwatar da matakan tsaro a cikin tsarin haɓaka software yana da matuƙar muhimmanci don tabbatar da cewa lambar tushe tana da aminci kuma abin dogaro. Matakan tsaro da za a iya aiwatarwa sun haɗa da sake duba lambar, tantance masu haɓakawa, da kuma aiwatar da gwajin tsaro.

1. 1. Sarrafa damar shiga lambar tushe

      Yana da mahimmanci a kula da damar shiga lambar tushe ta software don hana mutanen da ba a ba su izini yin canje-canje masu cutarwa. Ana iya cimma wannan ta hanyar aiwatar da manufofin shiga da kuma tabbatar da mai amfani.

1. 1. Aiwatar da matakan tsaro a rarraba software

      A lokacin rarraba manhajoji, yana da muhimmanci a tabbatar da cewa manhajar da aka kawo iri ɗaya ce da wadda aka ƙirƙira. Ana iya cimma hakan ta hanyar aiwatar da matakan tsaro kamar sa hannu ta dijital da ɓoye manhajoji.

1. 1. Yi gwajin tsaron software

      Yana da mahimmanci a yi gwajin tsaron software don gano duk wani rauni ko rauni a cikin lambar tushe. Gwajin tsaro na iya haɗawa da gwajin shiga ciki, gwajin lodi, da gwajin rauni.

1. 1. Kula da software a ainihin lokaci

      Manhajar sa ido a ainihin lokaci na iya taimakawa wajen gano duk wani mummunan hali ko mummunan hali a cikin manhajar. Ana iya cimma hakan ta hanyar aiwatar da matakan sa ido kan tsaro da kuma tura hanyoyin gano barazana.

1. 1. Aiwatar da matakan tsaro wajen amfani da software a ƙarshen amfani

      Yana da mahimmanci a aiwatar da matakan tsaro a ƙarshen amfani da software don tabbatar da cewa masu amfani suna da kariya daga duk wata barazana ko rauni a cikin software ɗin. Wannan na iya haɗawa da aiwatar da matakan tantancewa da ilmantar da masu amfani game da mafi kyawun hanyoyin tsaro.

1. 1. Inganta gaskiya a cikin sarkar samar da software
      
      Bayyana gaskiya a cikin tsarin samar da software yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa software ɗin da aka kawo yana da aminci kuma amintacce. Ana iya cimma hakan ta hanyar aiwatar da manufofin bayyana gaskiya da kuma bayyana bayanai game da software ɗin da aka kawo.

1. 1. Koyar da masu haɓakawa da masu amfani game da kutse cikin lambar

      Yana da mahimmanci a wayar da kan masu haɓakawa da masu amfani game da karkatar da lambar da matakan da za a iya ɗauka don kare software daga wannan barazanar. Ilimi zai iya haɗawa da bayyana bayanai game da sabbin dabarun karkatar da lambar da mafi kyawun hanyoyin kare software daga wannan barazanar.

Misalan kurakurai na code

Kutse lambar barazana ce ga tsarin samar da manhajoji, kuma akwai misalai da yawa na wannan barazanar a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Waɗannan su ne wasu daga cikin shahararrun misalan kutse lambar:

1. 1. Mageart

      Magecart ƙungiya ce ta masu kutse da ke mai da hankali kan satar bayanan katin kiredit daga gidajen yanar gizo. Ƙungiyar tana amfani da dabarun karkatar da lambar don gyara lambar tushe ta gidajen yanar gizo da kuma satar bayanan katin kiredit daga masu amfani.

1. 1. SolarWinds

      SolarWinds kamfani ne mai samar da manhajar sa ido kan hanyoyin sadarwa wanda ya fuskanci harin lalata lambar kwamfuta a shekarar 2020. Masu kai hari sun gyara lambar tushe ta manhajar don gabatar da wata ƙofa ta baya wadda ta ba su damar shiga tsarin abokan cinikin SolarWinds.

1. 1. Equifax

      Equifax wata hukuma ce da ke ba da rahoton bashi wadda ta fuskanci harin lalata lambar a shekarar 2017. Masu kai hari sun yi amfani da wata matsala a cikin wata manhaja ta bude-tushen da Equifax ke amfani da ita kuma sun sami nasarar gyara lambar tushe ta manhajar don satar bayanai daga masu amfani da ita miliyan 143.

Waɗannan misalan sun nuna mahimmancin kare sarkar samar da software daga ɓarnatar da lambar da sauran barazanar tsaro. Kamfanoni da masu haɓakawa za su iya ɗaukar matakai don kare software daga waɗannan barazanar, gami da aiwatar da matakan tsaro a duk tsawon rayuwar software.

Kammalawa

Kutse cikin lambobi barazana ce ga tsarin samar da manhajoji kuma yana iya haifar da mummunan sakamako ga kamfanoni da masu amfani. Dole ne kamfanoni da masu haɓaka manhajoji su ɗauki matakai don kare manhajoji daga wannan barazanar, gami da aiwatar da matakan tsaro a duk tsawon lokacin da manhajar ke aiki.

Wannan ya haɗa da bitar lambar, sarrafa damar shiga lambar tushe, aiwatar da matakan tsaro a rarraba software, yin gwajin tsaron software, sa ido kan software a ainihin lokaci, aiwatar da matakan tsaro a ƙarshen amfani da software, haɓaka bayyananne a cikin sarkar samar da software, da kuma ilmantar da masu haɓakawa da masu amfani game da karkatar da lambar da mafi kyawun hanyoyin tsaro.

Kare tsarin samar da manhaja yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa manhajar da aka samar tana da inganci kuma mai aminci. Kamfanoni da masu haɓaka manhaja dole ne su ɗauki matakai masu tsauri don kare manhaja daga ɓarnatar da lambar kwamfuta da sauran barazanar tsaro don kare sunansu da tsaron masu amfani da ita.

Dandalin Xygeni

Idan kana son ƙarin bincike, gano ingantaccen aikin Xygeni's Maganin Rigakafin Taɓar da Lambobi. Kare tsarin samar da software ɗinka kuma ka inganta kariya ta amfani da kayan aikinmu na zamani.

• • Nemo rashin daidaito daga yanayin da ake tsammani a kowane lokaci a cikin software pipeline.

• • Gano abubuwan da ba su dace ba a cikin hali a matsayin shaida na yuwuwar keta doka ta tsaro.

• • Kare lambar mahimmanci daga canje-canjen da ba a yi niyya ba.

Sauke Takardar Bayananmu

Manufar Xygeni ita ce kare mutunci da tsaron tsarin software ɗinka ta hanyar dukkan DevOps.

Xygeni yana kare ka CI/CD pipeline a kan hare-haren sarkar samar da software, samar da tsaro da aminci a dukkan matakai na SDLC. Ƙara koyo game da dandalinmu ta hanyar sauke wannan takardar bayanai.